Terpin, Anna2025-08-292025-08-292014Resovia Sacra, 2014, Tom 21, s. 447-468.1234-8880https://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/35321The first mentions of excommunication can be found in the Bible and in the teaching of Fathers of the Church. From the beginning, excommunication was the most severe sanction of all the penalties in canon law. Excommunication excluded one from community of the faithful, but did not brake all of ties. There was always a possibility of reconciliation with God and the Church. Over time excommunication was being used more often and more offenses were sanctioned with excommunication. This kind of penalty was either latae sententiae or ferendae sententae. Many popes created more and more regulations concerning excommunication. All of them were compiled in Gratian’s Decretum and Decrets of pope Gregory IX. One of the most important regulation of excommunication was promulgated by pope Martin V apostolic constitution Ad evitanda (1418). It introduces the distinction of excommunicated person into vitandi et tolrati. The Code of Canon Law (1917) changed the situation of excommunicated persons, but this punishment still remained the most severed sanction in canon law.plCC-BY-SA - Uznanie autorstwa - Na tych samych warunkachekskomunikakary w Kościelekary kościelnepotępieniecenzurakary leczniczeKościółhistoriaprawo kanoniczneojcowie KościołaBibliaPismo Świętepatrystykateologiaekskomunika w Bibliiekskomunika w prawie kanonicznymekskomunika w „Dekretałach” Grzegorza IXDekretały Grzegorza IXGrzegorz IXekskomunika w XIII w.ekskomunika w XIV w.historia ekskomunikihistoria Kościołapapieżeekskomunika w świetle konstytucji „Ad evitanda”Ad evitandadokumenty Kościołaekskomunika w dokumentach KościołaMarcin VKodeks Prawa Kanonicznego z 1917 rokuKodeks Prawa KanonicznegoGrzegorz XVILeon XPius IXekskomunika w Kodeksie Prawa Kanonicznego z 1917 rokuBenedykt XVProvidentissima Mater Ecclesiaprzepisy kanoniczneekskomunika latae stententiaeekskomunika ferendae sententiaeexcommunicationpenalties in the Churchchurch penaltiescensurecensorshipmedicinal penaltieshistorycanon lawChurch FathersBiblepatristicstheologyexcommunication in the Bibleexcommunication in canon lawexcommunication in the “Decretals” of Gregory IXDecretals of Gregory IXGregory IXexcommunication in the 13th centuryexcommunication in the 14th centuryhistory of excommunicationChurch historypopesexcommunication in the light of the constitution “Ad evitanda”Church documentsexcommunication in Church documentsMartin VCode of Canon Law of 1917Code of Canon LawGregory XVILeo Xexcommunication in the Code of Canon Law of 1917Benedict XVcanonical regulationslatae stententiae excommunicationferendae sententiae excommunicationArticle