Stroynowski, Andrzej2023-04-212023-04-212019Veritati et Caritati, 2019, T. 12, s. 513-531.978-83-64487-15-62354-0311http://theo-logos.pl/xmlui/handle/123456789/6472The works of Fr. Jędrzej Kitowicz can show the opinions of middle nobility and lower clergy. Concerning the assessment of the bishops’ role in the time of The Polish Enlightenment, these opinions weren’t unified. The bishops were assessed as the pastors of the Church and the senators of the Republic of Poland. In the assessment of the role as spiritual leaders Kitowicz pointed some exemplary pastors, criticizing the other’s tendency to excessive sumptuousness. More complicated were the assessments of the political role of bishops – senators. Here the most place was devoted to traitor, however in some cases they were unfounded charges. He also presented some bishops with more complex attitudes, especially the bishop’s Kajetan Sołtysik one.plAttribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Polandhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/pl/kapłaniduchowieństwobiskupibiskupi czasów saskichczasy saskiebiskupi czasów Stanisława AugustaJędrzej Kitowiczbishops of Saxon timesbishops of Stanisław August’s timesclergypriesthoodbishopsSaxon timesXVII w.XVIII w.historiahistoryhistoria KościołaChurch historyArticle