Klukowski, Michał2025-02-192025-02-192020Verbum Vitae, 2020, T. 38, nr 1, s. 79-105.1644-85612451-280Xhttps://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/28150Artykuł w języku angielskim.The article presents the major hypotheses concerning the emergence of the 364-day calendar within Judaism and the related calendrical controversy, which presumably caused the separation of a certain group of Jews, known to us as the Qumran Community, from the temple cult in Jerusalem. It is not known whether the 364-day calendar tradition is older than that of the Astronomical Book, or whether the adoption of this tradition was accompanied by conflicts. The Qumran texts do not provide unequivocal evidence for any calendrical polemics. The only witness to these polemics is The Book of Jubilees, copies of which were found in the Qumran library. However, the Qumran Community itself did not share the radical line of The Book of Jubilees, which condemns reliance on the moon in time-keeping. The 364-day calendar is presumed to have been a distinctive feature of the Qumran Community, which however did not arouse any controversies within Second Temple Judaism.enCC-BY-ND - Uznanie autorstwa - Bez utworów zależnychcalendars364-day calendarQumranpolemicscontroversyDead Sea ScrollsmanuscriptsQumran manuscriptsarchaeologybiblical archaeologybiblical studiesBibleDead Sea discoveriesQumran documentsEssenesQumran communityQumraniansJudaismSecond Temple JudaismSecond Temple periodtraditionBook of JubileesapocryphaOld Testament apocryphaAstronomical BookOld Testamentkalendarzekalendarz 364 dniowypolemikakontrowersjazwoje znad Morza Martwegorękopisymanuskryptyrękopisy z Qumranarcheologiaarcheologia biblijnabiblistykaBibliaPismo Święteodkrycia nad Morzem Martwymdokumenty z QumranEsseńczycyspołeczność qumrańskaQumrańczycyjudaizmjudaizm okresu Drugiej Świątyniokres Drugiej ŚwiątynitradycjaKsięga Jubileuszyapokryfapokryfy Starego TestamentuKsięga AstronomicznaStary TestamentArticle