Lewandowska, Bogusława2026-02-122026-02-122000Studia Theologica Varsaviensia, 2000, R. 38, nr 1, s. 81-97.https://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/41353The Consciousness of the life in alien reality called the century illness is a result of epistemological scepticism, which has been present in the modern philosophy. The condition of the understanding the reality is to reach the justification of existing of existence. It is equivalent to accepting the conception of substance and existence hierarchy. However, the epistemological scepticism of the epoch considers these distinguishes as errors. The classical methodology was abandoned in constructing the theory of reality. The modern methodology establishes new priorities. In accordance with them, the considerations concerning the possibility and limits of cognizance should be primordial as compared with inquiring the nature of reality. On the base of such epistemology there is no possibility for the classical metaphysics. This view has been dominant in European philosophy during the subsequent centuries. In the philosophy of the turn of XIX/XX ages, there exist currents, which acquaint essential methodological transvaluing: in the question of the sources of cognition the aposteriorism is also allowed; the possibility of the formulation of the classical question of the existences = justification is accepted as well. In order to understand the reality, Stanislaw Brzozowski, a representative of the current of philosophy, was seeking the universalist idea as the justification of existing of existence. This effort of S. Brzozowski of seeking the universalist idea is a consequence the conviction that it is possible to understand rationally the reality for the reason of the existence of the full justification of the reality. This view, which is known as classical, show that there is a close relationship between the views from the dom ains of the theory of cognition and the theory of reality. Brzozow ski was declaring for transvaluing Cartesian system and for renovation classical philosophy. A ccepting the universalist idea is for B rzozow ski the base of transvaluing the consciousness o f the life in the alien reality w hich w as m ade by scepticism epistemological.polCC-BY-ND - Uznanie autorstwa - Bez utworów zależnychStanisław Brzozowskifilozofiauniwersalizmalienacjaprzełom XIX i XX w.choroba wiekusceptycyzmświadomość życia w obcej rzeczywistościphilosophyuniversalismalienationturn of the 19th and 20th centuriesdisease of the agescepticismawareness of living in a foreign realityArticle