Tolleranza religiosa in Albania nelle condizioni della pandemia globale
Data
2020
Autorzy
Tytuł czasopisma
ISSN czasopisma
Tytuł tomu
Wydawca
Wydawnictwo Pallottinum
Abstrakt
Pierwsze miesiące roku 2020 zbiegają się w czasie z obchodami corocznych świąt religijnych: prawosławnej Wielkanocy, katolickiej Wielkanocy, Id al-Fitr, Id al-Adha i Sultan Novruz, czyli odpowiednio świąt prawosławnych, katolickich, muzułmańskich i Bektashi. Zgodnie z tradycją, uroczystości odbywają się zwykle w budynkach religijnych, gdzie spotykają się duchowni i wierni w celu sprawowania swoich obrzędów. Zasada ta od wieków jest zakorzeniona w kulturze religijnej Albanii i bywa ściśle przestrzegana. Zdarzały się jednak bardzo rzadkie przypadki, kiedy, wziąwszy pod uwagę szczególnie ważne interesy związane ze zdrowiem społeczności, próbowano znaleźć inne sposoby, aby sprostać tej tradycji. Wybitni albańscy i zagraniczni uczeni twierdzą, że dżuma i cholera miały katastrofalne skutki dla dziesiątek tysięcy ludzi. W tych warunkach ludzie postępowali racjonalnie i w porozumieniu z duchowieństwem zgadzali się na odprawianie ceremonii na otwartej przestrzeni, unikając możliwości osobistego kontaktu fizycznego. Ta praktyka została wznowiona podczas globalnej pandemii COVID-19. Stało się tak z trzech powodów. Po pierwsze, z uwagi na stosunkowo zadowalający poziom edukacji kulturalnej i religijnej wierzących i ich przywódców. Po drugie, ze względu na świadomość poważnych niebezpieczeństw, jakie mogą być konsekwencją niezachowywania dystansu fizycznego i utrzymania higieny. Trzeci powód wiąże się z duchem tolerancji, szczególnie charakterystycznym dla Albańczyków.
The first months of 2020 coincided with the celebration of the annual religious holidays: Orthodox Easter, Catholic Easter, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and Sultan Novruz – the holidays of Orthodox, Catholic, Muslim, and Bektashi believers, respectively. According to traditional custom, parts of the commemorative ceremonies are held in religious institutions, where different clergy and participants come together for the performance of the rites. This rule has been rooted in the practice of believers in Albania for centuries, who have strictly adhered to it. However, there have been very rare cases in which they have tried to find other ways to meet them in other conditions and places, considering the particularly important interests involved in the health of human communities. Prominent Albanian and foreign scholars claim that the plague and cholera have had disastrous consequences for tens of thousands of people. Under these conditions, people were rational and, in agreement with their clergy, they acquiesced to holding ceremonies in open spaces, avoiding the possibility of personal physical contact. This practice was renewed during this year’s global pandemic. This happened for three reasons: firstly, because of a relatively satisfactory level of cultural and religious education of the believers and their leaders; secondly, because of their awareness of the grave dangers posed to them by violating the rules of physical distancing and maintaining maximum hygiene; and thirdly, because of the spirit of tolerance, which is particularly characteristic of the Albanians.
The first months of 2020 coincided with the celebration of the annual religious holidays: Orthodox Easter, Catholic Easter, Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and Sultan Novruz – the holidays of Orthodox, Catholic, Muslim, and Bektashi believers, respectively. According to traditional custom, parts of the commemorative ceremonies are held in religious institutions, where different clergy and participants come together for the performance of the rites. This rule has been rooted in the practice of believers in Albania for centuries, who have strictly adhered to it. However, there have been very rare cases in which they have tried to find other ways to meet them in other conditions and places, considering the particularly important interests involved in the health of human communities. Prominent Albanian and foreign scholars claim that the plague and cholera have had disastrous consequences for tens of thousands of people. Under these conditions, people were rational and, in agreement with their clergy, they acquiesced to holding ceremonies in open spaces, avoiding the possibility of personal physical contact. This practice was renewed during this year’s global pandemic. This happened for three reasons: firstly, because of a relatively satisfactory level of cultural and religious education of the believers and their leaders; secondly, because of their awareness of the grave dangers posed to them by violating the rules of physical distancing and maintaining maximum hygiene; and thirdly, because of the spirit of tolerance, which is particularly characteristic of the Albanians.
Opis
Artykuł w języku włoskim.
Słowa kluczowe
prawosławni, katolicy, muzułmanie, Bektashi, globalna pandemia, tolerancja religijna, wolność religijna, konstytucja, Skanderbeg, Władysław III, Albański Państwowy Komitet do Spraw Kultów, Orthodox believers, Catholics, Muslims, global pandemic, religious tolerance, religious freedom, constitution, Vladislav III, Albanian State Committee of Cult, Albania, COVID-19, koronawirus, coronavirus, pandemia, pandemic, pandemia COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, tolerancja, tolerance, tolleranza, wolność, freedom, libertà, religia, religion, religione, tolleranza religiosa, Albańczycy, Albanians, Albanesi, Orthodox Christians
Cytowanie
Studia Paradyskie, 2020, t. 30, s. 197–208.
Kolekcje
Licencja
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Poland