Stan liczebny studentów i zakres programu nauczania w studiach filozoficzno-teologicznych w zakonach franciszkańskich w Polsce w XVIII wieku

Abstract

The author draws on to his former papers devoted to the studies on the orders in the 17th and 18th centuries. He is dealing in them with the philosophico-theological curriculum and the number of students in the four Franciscan orders (Conventual Franciscans, Bernardines, Reformats and Capuchins) in the 18lh century. The paper has been based on the materials from the so-called questionnaire of the nuncio in Poland, Giuseppe Garampi, of 1772-1774, and on the existing literature. It follows from the author’s considerations that among the students of philosophy and theology of all, basically Franciscan, orders, the students of dogmatic and moral theology were the majority. This was most conspicuous in the case of the Reformats. The course of theology should have lasted four years, but the principle was not fully observed, and at times the course was reduced to three years. As to the curriculum, the author has stated that in the Franciscan orders theology and philosophy were read mainly according to John Duns Scotus, with some remnants of humanism. There were attempts, most often made by the superiors of the orders (provincials, abbots), to keep appropriate standard of the studies, though some circumstances which disorganized studies and lowered their level were accepted.