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Der Theologie im Dialog mit der säkularisierten Öffentlichkeit in Slowenien
Globokar, Roman (Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 2018)
The democratic Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia stipulates a strict separation of church and state. After the independence in 1991, a strong process of secularization is noticed. The number of people who declared themselves Catholic declined drastically in the last two decades. Some reasons both from inside the Church and outside of it are analysed in the first part of the paper. In the second part, the author presents from his personal perspective some ways to contribute as a theologian to the public ethical discourse in the secularized society. He emphasizes the need for the argumentative and understandable statements. Theological vocabulary should be translated to the language that today’s people could understand. Last the author presents his work as a theologian at the State University, in the National Bioethics Committee and in the field of education. Theological ethics is a bridge between the rich moral tradition of the church and the contemporary secular society. The theologian needs to be both humble and conscious of our social determinism, but also courageous to propose some alternative solutions in collaborating with other social agents for the common good in society. Christian anthropology is an inexhaustible source of inspiration for building a better world for everyone.
The Ethics of Albert Schweitzer as an Inspiration for Global Ethics
Globokar, Roman (Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 2020)
Albert Schweitzer (1875–1965) was a fascinating person, a multivalent icon, mostly known as a doctor in the primeval forest of Africa. There he elaborated the ethics of boundless responsibility towards all living beings as a treatment for the restoration of a decadent civilization. Until his death, Schweitzer was struggling to elaborate a worldview of reverence for life that would be embraced by all religions and cultures. His ethics should be universally true for all people, regardless of time, place, or cultural background. In this article we present his worldview of reverence of life in a critical way. It will be emphasized that Schweitzer was not aware enough that his philosophy was culturally, religiously, historically, and also personally (biographically) conditioned, since it is impossible for anybody to step out of his or her historical and cultural backgrounds. He limited his ethical reflection to the individual sphere and did not allow for any ranking among living beings on a theoretical level. Despite these critical observations, reflection of the immediate experience of the human condition could be in our opinion a good starting point to understand the shared common morality of all humans. We are convinced that his ethical thoughts and seeing him as a role model can stimulate the search for global ethics today.
The Motif of Sacrifice in Surrogacy
Globokar, Roman (Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 2022)
The regulation of surrogacy varies between different countries. There is a trend towards greater liberalization on the global level. Ethical evaluation creates a basic dilemma: Is surrogacy a superior form of solidarity between people or the instrumentalization of a woman’s body, being contrary to the fundamental dignity of every human How does surrogacy affect people involved in the process and what do decades of experience with surrogacy tell us about its effect on human beings? Is there an ideal form of surrogacy where reproductive parties themselves describe the relationship as satisfactory, fair, and just, and where the well-being of all involved parties is equally considered? In this article, we will look at the unsuccessful initiative to regulate at least the issue of altruistic surrogacy in the Council of Europe countries in 2016. The aspect of sacrifice of the surrogate mother for the well-being of the couple who wants a child is often raised. However, the mere altruistic intention to help another does not make an act ethically acceptable. The paper also draws attention to several ethical reservations regarding surrogacy. The most controversial issue is the instrumentalization of a woman’s body. Especially in poor countries, the victims of surrogacy are very badly informed about the procedure, while their freedom and autonomy are significantly infringed. A child born to a surrogate mother can also be a victim of various interests of intended parents, different corporations and the woman who gave birth to him/her. The paper outlines the vulnerability of the intended parents, the surrogate mother, and above all the child, who is often forgotten in the debates. Additionally, it also touches upon the frequently neglected ethical perspective of personal desire, sacrifice, and victimization. When is it ethically acceptable, from the point of the altruistic action recipient, to expect and accept altruistic actions? When do subjective expectations and desires cross the boundary that divides means of overcoming health limitations from mere selfishness? Last but not least, it also questions when the intent of helping others transforms from an ethically acceptable sacrifice to ethically unacceptable victimization.
Zwischen Begeisterung und Besorgnis. Über die Rezeption von Amoris laetitia in Slowenien
Globokar, Roman (Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 2017)
Reactions to the Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Amoris laetitia by Pope Francis have also been fiercely divided in Slovenia as elsewhere. Initially, the official Church showed reluctance towards it. However, there has been more and more signs of a positive reception since towards the end of 2016. A great majority of the believers and pastoral co-workers understood this exhortation as an appropriate incentive for the renewal of the pastoral care of the family in Slovenia. The article discusses some of the reasons for the opposing reactions to the document and tries to further develop some parts of the document to be used in the pastoral care of the family in Slovenia.