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Narodzenie z wody i z Ducha w J 3,5 jako gwarant dostąpienia królestwa Bożego
Kern, Krystyna (Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego UO, 2019)
The article presents a new look at the subject of the birth of water and of the Spirit (John 3:5) which is necessary for attainment of the kingdom of God. It is a new birth for the Christian in his life. The explanation of the meaning of the birth of water and of the Spirit is difficult, because it is found only once in the Holy Bible (John 3:5). In this work it is discussed the meanings of words “water” and spirit” in the phrase “to born of water and the Spirit” (John 3:5). The pericope John 3:1-21 is compared with other texts of the Holy Scripture (especially with the Gospel of John, the Letter to the Galatians and the Book of Ezekiel). In the Gospel of John and the Letter to the Galatians there is an opposition between the flesh and the Spirit (John 3:6 and Gal 5:19-23). The meanings of deeds done in God (John 3:21) and of the fruit of the Spirit (Gal 5:22-23) can mean the same. People who do the deeds of the flesh “shall not obtain (not inherit) the kingdom of God” (Gal 5:21). The text Gal 5:4-6 is very important, because it shows the importance of Christ and the Spirit in the Christian life. In the Book of Ezekiel God promises the sprinkling of clean water, a new heart, a new spirit and a gift of His Spirit (Ezek 36:25-27). Jesus Christ is “the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world” (John 1:29) and “baptises with the Holy Spirit” (John 1:33).
Owoce Ducha Świętego w Ga 5,22-23
Kern, Krystyna (Wydział Teologiczny Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, 2012)