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Kubiak, Piotr (Wydział Teologiczny Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, 2012)
The Church’s teaching on baptism is the minister in the history of gradual evolution. The apostles and then their successors – the bishops, the first minister of this sacrament, which – only in case of absence – may replace the priests and deacons – stewards of the fringe. From the ninth century, the priests are regarded – alongside the bishops – the ordinary ministers of baptism, and deacons can provide it if necessary. Fourth Lateran Council (1215) confirms the validity of Baptism administered by lay persons, not baptized when in danger of death and have no access to an ordinary minister. The Roman Ritual of 1614 – the fruit of the liturgical reform of the Council of Trent – distinguishes between ministers of solemn baptism and christening ceremonies granted without a prescription. The parish priest is the ordinary minister of baptism, and may delegate this authority only to another priest. Code of Canon Law of 1917 defines an ordinary priest, minister of solemn baptism granted, and the deacon – extraordinary minister who can not lawfully perform this sacrament without the permission of the local Ordinary or parish priest, except in urgent need. The minister of baptism cele brated in danger of death without a solemn form can be anyone. The Roman Ritual of Pope Paul VI in 1969, returns to the tradition of the early centuries of the Church, when the restored Rite of Baptism of Children, the ordinary ministers of baptism, the first mention of bishops, and after them, priests and deacons. The same provision is found in the Code of Canon Law of 1983, which regulates the question of the minister of baptism in the Latin Church: in normal situations this sacrament, provides: bishop, priest or deacon. Other – unnamed ministers simply extraordinary – they work only in the case of their absence or inability to perform their duties. Baptism is the fairly catechist or other person designated as such by the local Ordinary. In the need – especially in the face of danger or death – it makes every person having the right intention and executing important sacramental rite. The literature of theological and canonistic meets more detailed proposal for the division among the clergy: the ordinary minister of the principal, who is a bishop, an independent minister, who is the pastor and minister of the auxiliary, which can be any priest or a deacon. In the Eastern Catholic Churches ordinary minister of the sacrament of baptism is a bishop and a priest, and deacon is the first of the ministers in a situation of necessity. Only the absence of legalized Baptism by another cleric, a member institute of consecrated life, of any other Christian, and ultimately the father or mother to be baptized.