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„Dogmat” w życiu wspólnoty chrześcijańskiej w interpretacji J.H. Newmana
Kucza, Grzegorz (Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego, 2004)
The word “dogma” can make modern man think of “a stagnation” or conservatism – while dogmatic wording is of great importance in the life of a Christian community that is sent to preach the gospel to all nations and to all mankind (Mk 16,15). J.H. Newman in his theology pays attention to a crucial importance of a dogma. In his opinion the role of a dogma is to specify the faith of the Church and it allows differentiating the real doctrine from every falsification. A dogma originates from the current reflection of the Church on God’s revelation i.e. the revelation that is experienced in the believers’ community. It is put forward and announced by the Church authorities but simultaneously it includes the faith of all members of the Church. Newman also emphasizes the necessity of the steady development of a dogma: it would consist in more and more attentive getting to the core of its content. The development is to take place in such a way that the truths which are included in revealed sentences – as one might say in hiding – become clearer and more distinct in the consciousness of the Church in a suitable moment. Next, the attribute of infallibility plays a particular role during the process of formulating a dogma. According to Newman, this attribute is a sign of God the Creator i.e. the sign of His mercy in order to defend religion in the world and protect it against abuse. Infallibility, however, must always refer to the Scriptures and the Christian Tradition. To sum up, we will say that Newman is a man of merit not only because he draws attention to the crucial role of a dogma in the life of the Church but also because he points out the necessity of its development in history. For this reason, one can say that today it is still a current task for dogmatic theology to teach the doctrine of faith to modem people in a more and more appropriate way. It is also necessary to verify the content of what is preached as well as put forward and announced by the Church as it should encompass every current existence instead of being “left in a vacuum”.
Ekumeniczny wymiar eklezjologii komunii
Kucza, Grzegorz (Papieski Fakultet Teologiczny we Wrocławiu, 2004)
Elementy antropologii teologicznej islamu
Kucza, Grzegorz (Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego, 2005)
A man is still searching for his identity. He remains a complete riddle to himself – the riddle that needs to be solved. Anthropology, or the study of mankind is interdisciplinary. The questions such as: „who is a man?” and „what is his relation to God ?” belong to the basic questions and problems of any religion. The underlying aim of this article is to outline theological anthropology of islam, above all on the basis of the Koran. The Koran is fundamental in the theology of islam. Its individual chapters contain descriptions of history of salvation. It’s not a theological treatise – but it provides the basis for the formulation of theological anthropology of islam. Analysing different texts, we can point to the main theses about the theology of islam: 1) A man has his origin in God as he has been created by God and at the same time called to the obedience to His will; 2) The initial harmony with God has been broken off by the original sin – a man has lost his place in the Garden of Eden; 3) God decides „to facilitate” and to make it easier for a man to stay on earth and go to paradise after death. So He makes a covenant with a man. It means that thanks to the obedience to His will, a man is strengthened by God’s mercy and favour. 4) Anticipation of the Last Judgement points to the fact that a man is responsible for his deeds. 5) The nature of theological anthropology of islam is eschatological. To sum up, we can state that theological anthropology of islam contains a lot of biblical references. For this reason, it can become – though to a slight extent – „a place” of an inter-religious dialogue.
Elementy personalizmu w konstytucji „Dei verbum”
Kucza, Grzegorz (Papieski Wydział Teologiczny we Wrocławiu, 2008)
Gods care for human beings endures from the beginning of the world till its fulfilment in the last days. The aim of this article is to focus on the personalistic dimension of the conciliar Constitution Dei verbum. In our analysis of the text of the Constitution, we state that the history of salvation is indirectly connected with God who always makes His way to man, with God being constantly directed to the whole of mankind. God reveals Himself to man. It is achieved at the personalistic level as God personally refers to man. Divine revelation is a unique meeting between God and man. It has a supernatural and interpersonal dimension and forms a sound basis for God’s absolute love and goodness. God talks to us and at the same time He reveals to us who we are. Theology becomes anthropology. The response of an individual person to God’s revelation and love is faith. Both God, who reveals himself to man, and man who responds with faith and full confidence, provide the basis for this relationship. To believe means to open one’s mind and heart to divine revelation and accept it. The act of faith has its source in the whole spiritual dynamism of a human being. It is the moment of the fundamental choice that absorbs a man with his whole being. Faith is what gives the proper direction to a man’s conscious life and points to its ultimate aim. So it should become a source of inspiration for an activity oriented to the future. From the beginning it means a decision, a deed; it is also how a man behaves. Therefore it concerns faith that is deep, truly experienced and practiced as well as strongly reaffirmed and continually developed. As believers in God we tell about Him, get to know Him more and more, listen to His word and try to understand it, but due to it we also have a better understanding of ourselves. That is why anthropology is understood correctly in terms of theology.
Eschatologiczny wymiar współczesnej antropologii teologicznej
Kucza, Grzegorz (Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego, 2006)
In his earthly life a man goes through the process of his personality development and his cooperation with God’s grace form the basis of this development. The problem of a man does not exist only within the present time. It is necessary to extend beyond earthly life and history in order to understand and acknowledge greatness and destiny of a man. There is a clear correlation between his life on earth today and his destiny. In the constant quest for everything that is ultimate or final to a man, anthropology is in some way linked with eschatology.
J.H. Newmana koncepcja religii
Kucza, Grzegorz (Papieski Fakultet Teologiczny we Wrocławiu, 2004)
J.H. Newman is one of the most outstanding theologians of the XIX century. He was born in the bosom of the Church of England but he converted to Catholicism as a result of a deep intellectual search. His theological reflection is strictly connected with life. The subject of the article is an attempt at the synthetic way of expressing Newman’s teaching on religion. On the basis of analyses which have been carried out we become convinced that for Newman: religion is the form of a dialogue between a man and God. On the one hand, the dialogue consists in a special ability to find God in human existence, on the other hand – in the faithful fulfilment of any duties towards Him. The crucial components of religion which complement one another and allow to evaluate it properly are: faith, mind and conscience. Newman underlines the essential difference between natural religion and religion of revelation. The first one is the fundamental and preliminary “step” at the way towards God. Mind and conscience play the particular role here. The second one: religion of revelation is the religion of faith and obedience to the truths revealed by God – the ones which have been interpreted in the light of the Scriptures and which have been announced by the Church as the truths we should believe in. Besides, Newman points out the special connection between religion and theology. Religion without theology becomes fanaticism and bigotry – whereas theology stops being believable when it is studied or practised as it were “next to” religion. For that reason, religion and theology have to complement one another. Moreover, he also pays attention to the necessity of the steady development of religious ideas: it is undoubtedly to support the fact that Christianity is the common religion that corresponds with all periods and places. To sum up, we can state that J.H. Newman belongs certainly to those theology experts whose works become a great source of inspiration for the development of modern theology.
Jaka eschatologia dzisiaj? Główne przesunięcia akcentów w eschatologii posoborowej
Kucza, Grzegorz (Wydawnictwo Pallottinum, 2002)
Nadzieja jako centralna kategoria eschatologii chrześcijańskiej
Kucza, Grzegorz (Uniwersytet Opolski. Redakcja Wydawnictw Wydziału Teologicznego, 2003)