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Podstawowe normy moralne i prawa człowieka
Mazurek, Franciszek Janusz (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego, 2009)
The Church’s social doctrine and consequently Catholic social teaching employ interdisciplinary and even multidisciplinary methods. This approach provides a complete picture of the human person as spiritual and bodily unity along with the innate and supernatural dignity of the human being justified by philosophical, theological and biblical anthropology. Human dignity is the supreme moral norm. Expressed in the language of law, it becomes a legal value and forms the basis for other principles and the source of all human rights. The first and foremost right of the human person is the right to life from conception to natural death. Each of us has personal, freedom-related, economic and cultural rights. Primate Stefan Wyszyński regarded the right to love as second only to the right to life; he also referred to the duty of love, which was a novelty. It should be stressed that Wyszyński played the most significant role in Poland after World War II. The Church protects the human person through its doctrine and education. People are capable of doing good and devising fair systems, but is also unfortunately able to do evil. Guided by egoism – the desire for power and profit – and seduced by false ideologies, they frequently set up totalitarian systems. This explains why the Church firmly rejects the ideologies of communism and liberalism. According to John Paul II, ‘…we cannot accept the claim that after the demise of social realism, capitalism remains the only model of economic organization.” Catholic social teaching is referred to as a personalistic doctrine, a concept developed by Jacques Maritain. The Church protects the human being through its doctrine and education, as those are the only means available for use. It is not the human person that should serve the Church or the state, but the other way round. After all, what really matters here is not just recognition or fulfillment of moral norms or human rights, as that would be art for art’s sake (sheer formalism). Each of us needs protection since we are imago Dei (a likeness of God); since we are the world’s great miracle (magnum miraculum mundi); since we are equipped with absolute dignity (Kant); since God Himself regards human dignity with respect (Pope Leon XIII); since it only with the human person on earth that God shares His reasonable freedom (Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński); and since each human countenance reflects the gleam of God’s glory (Pope John Paul II).
Prawa człowieka w rodzinie. Prawa rodziny i ich ochrona
Mazurek, Franciszek Janusz (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2008)
In the created world the innate reason and freedom are the highest values. A person’s very dignity is a fundamental moral principle. The conception of life that is promoted by the Church is not „conservative”; on the contrary, its is absolutely modem, as it is confirmed by the latest research on the human genome. Human life is a universal, sacred, personalistic, moral, humanist value, and not only a biological one. The right to live is not conditioned by the degree of development of a human being, by certain features acquired only with time, or by the so-called social-economic conditions. John Paul II emphasizes: ‘hence it is necessary that a man should be really loved if human rights are to be fully protected’ Anyway, both all the moral norms and the proclaimed human rights have the same aim. Marriage is a natural value and it is also a sacrum. The family is a multidimensional value, the place where personal development takes place and the place of all its members’ happiness, to which they have inalienable right. Both the family and marriage are natural institutions and this is why they are not going to lose their values. Reliable research done by responsible sociologists, and not by ideologists, indicates that in young people’ awareness a peculiar renaissance of the value of m arriage and the fam ily has appeared, although a plague th at claim s its victim s reigns in this field.