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Funkcja rozumu i wiary w doświadczeniu duchowym człowieka
Tatar, Marek (Wydawnictwo Pallottinum, 2014)
Problem wiary oraz uczestnictwa w jej rozwoju umysłu ludzkiego, należy zasadniczych na gruncie teologii duchowości i mistyki chrześcijańskiej. Umysł jako fundamentalna władza duchowa w strukturze człowieka, prowadzi go w kierunku prawdy o sobie, świecie i Bogu. Nie wystarczy jednak jego naturalna siła. Nadprzyrodzona cnota wiary usprawnia jego działanie na drodze przyjęcia prawd nieoczywistych. Obok poznania empirycznego oraz racjonalnego mamy do czynienia w relacji rozum-wiara z poznaniem kontemplacyjnym. Poznanie umysłowe musi jednak być poddawane na drodze rozwoju ku zjednoczeniu z Bogiem oczyszczeniu czynnemu oraz biernemu. W procesie tym jednak pozostaje w ścisłej relacji w stosunku do woli człowieka.
Structure of man in the biblical act of Creation
Tatar, Marek (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2012)
The question about man, his origin, structure, place, and role in the world, relation to others and his ultimate goal, belongs to fundamental categories. In his pursuits, man constantly tries to find the right answer to this important question. The basis of this analysis forms the structure of man resulting from the act of creation as described in the Bible. In the Old Testament we have two texts about the proctology of man: Yahwistic (Gen 2, 4b–24) and Elohistic (Gen 1, 26–28). Both Angelo Scola and Luis F. Ladaria see the ultimate structural view of humankind in the person of Jesus Christ. That is why the Old Testament texts concerning creation are fully implemented in the mystery of Incarnation and Redemption. The name “a human” itself there is a claim about the greatness of his nature (cataphasis). Observation and experience indicate also his limitations (apophasis). Therefore, it can be stated that in the human nature there must be integrity (henozis) in this respect constituting the basis of his whole humanity. Biblical texts indicate that man is aware of his dependence on God, simultaneously however, he makes an attempt of self – determination which is a kind of self–creation. The relationship with God has its source in the external experience (man listens to God, expresses his needs and hides from Him) and, at the same time, goes beyond human rationality and volition. It is an invitation to the trinitarian communion of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. The community of the Holy Trinity is at the same time the community of man. The creatio of man as male and female highlights one more important structural and subjective element, that is, a relationship with others which constitutes the foundation for a community of people. Jesus Christ is the way towards this union, as its cause, model and aim. In the mystery of His Person we discover the “image and likeness”, because He is the personification of full and perfect humanity. Therefore, the whole Christian spirituality must be Christocentric and at the same time Christoformic. The attempts to define man in his essence play a crucial role in the present world affected by subjectivity, individualism, hedonism and horisontalism.
Współczesny człowiek modlitwy w kontekście kryzysu antropologicznego
Tatar, Marek (Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie, 2022)
One of the manifestations of the contemporary human crisis is prayer. This article addresses this issue in the context of the challenges of civilization. Using the analytical method, the genotypic and phenotypic foundations of prayer are indicated. The key is the experience of Holy Scripture, which is a prayer-sanctifying dialogue. The culmination point of this process is the person of Jesus Christ. In this context, it is necessary to notice and specify contemporary challenges, which are multi-layered and multi-faceted. The progress of civilization, which is at the center of modern existence along with increasing apostasy, has placed man at the center of the universe. This has caused a huge anthropological and identity disturbance. The analysis shows that referring to God as Truth in a prayerful interpersonal dialogue can lead to a person regaining his identity.