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    Eschatologiczna nagroda w pismach św. Cypriana
    Wysocki, Marcin (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2009)
    A special period in the life of the Church, the time of persecutions, that happened at the break of the 2nd century, not only gave numerous testimonies of martyrdom, but also brought development of theological thought, especially the theology of martyrdom and eschatology. The present article aims at showing the teaching on eschatological reward in the writings of one of the most brilliant figures of that period – St Cyprian, the bishop of Carthage (†258). In his writings St Cyprian, touching upon eschatology especially emphasized the future reward for the faithful, and he showed the splendor of the reward by the wealth of terms he used, among which agonistic and military terminology occurs most frequently. The Bishop of Carthage drew the reader’s attention to the fact that although this reward may be attained by all the faithful, there is a gradation of the future reward depending on the services; he mentioned martyrdom for faith in the first place among them.
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    Letters as a School of the Christian Exegesis. A Study of the Selected Early Christian Latin Letters of the 4th and 5th Century (Augustine, Jerome, and Paulinus of Nola)
    Wysocki, Marcin (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2023)
    Letters are often treated as a secondary literary genre, serving only to convey information and maintain relationships between people. But Christianity, which has been called the religion of the book, can also be described as the religion of the letter. In fact, from the very beginning, it was mainly through the letters (e.g., of Paul the Apostle) that the faith and the doctrinal, moral, and disciplinary instructions were transmitted. Of course, the authors of the early Christian letters also referenced biblical themes and the Bible itself. Following the ancient rules of rhetoric, they also implemented the postulate of didacticism (docere) by making the Scriptures and their exegesis more widely known. This article aims to show how this postulate is put into practice in Latin letters written by three great patristic figures: Saint Augustine, Saint Jerome, and Saint Paulinus of Nola, the most important representatives of the golden patristic age. These outstanding early Christian pastors and writers are considered to have created a kind of “virtual school” of biblical exegesis in their letters. This article presents how this “school” functioned, from the invitation to participate, through the methods and the study program, to the praise that good students earned. It can be an excellent model for our current age, marked by online education. This can also be applied to biblical studies and the study of biblical and patristic exegesis.
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    Męczennik jako świadek w aktach męczenników
    Wysocki, Marcin (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2015)
    The article explores the phenomenon of Christian testimony present in experiences of persecution and in the death of martyrs, those who have given their lives for Christ. The primary sources for our reflection are the preserved descriptions of martyrdom (passio, acta martyrum). Martyrdom is commonly considered as the highest form of Christian testimony, thus it is useful to examine how it is present in the direct testimonies of the passion and death of the Christians of the first centuries, in that period of persecutions when indeed the theology of martyrdom first awakened and the witness of a Christian’s life and death took on particular importance. The article discusses the issue of testimony from different points of view: the witness of written testimonies, the testimony of the earthly lives of the martyrs, the testimony of their faith, and testimony of the act of martyrdom itself.
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    Przebaczenie w pismach św. Cypriana
    Wysocki, Marcin (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2010)
    The period of the 3rd century was extremely difficult in the life of the Early Church. The Church and the clergy, amongst them Cyprian of Carthage, bad to face the problems of persecutions, the lapsed and baptism. The abovementioned problems were linked to other question such as sin, forgiveness and penitention, which were very important in that situation. In my paper I focus on the issue of forgiveness in bishop Cyprian's writings. The paper consists of five main parts: the historical background of Cyprian's teaching on forgiveness; terminology; the essence of forgiveness; the process of forgiving, and the difficulties and errors in forgiving.
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    Zmartwychwstanie ciała według Tertuliana
    Wysocki, Marcin (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2009)
    Resurrection was one of the most important themes in the writings of Tertullian (ca 150-220), who is called sometimes "theologian of the hope". Presented paper presents teaching of the first theologian of the West on resurrection of the body. In the article's first part the historical (f.e. persecutions and believes in resurrection before Tertullian) and doctrinal background (heresies) of his works on the resurrection is shown, than ‒ in the next section ‒ vocabulary, which were used by Tertullian to describe phenomenon of the resurrection. In the forth part autbor presents the main points of Tertullian's view of resurrection of the body. In the fifth chapter connections between resurrection and martyrdom are presented.