The Biblical Annals, 2024, T. 14, nr 3

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Przeglądaj The Biblical Annals, 2024, T. 14, nr 3 wg Temat "apocrypha of the Old Testament"

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    Egzorcyzm w Apokryfie Księgi Rodzaju (1Q20ar) na tle demonologii Starego i Nowego Testamentu
    Kardyś, Wojciech (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024)
    In the Genesis Apocryphon (1Q20ar), there is astory containing a description of an exorcism (col. 20). In that text, Abraham is asked to free Pharaoh who is plagued by a“spirit of pestilence”. By becoming an exorcist, the patriarch causes the demon to be banished. The aim of the article is to show this story against the background of biblical demonological texts. After presenting the figure of the evil spirit and its activity in 1Q20ar, the issue of the presence of demons in the Holy Scriptures is discussed (the evil spirit that harms Pharaoh most resembles the “lying spirit” from 1 Kings 22:19–22 and Satan from the Book of Job). The course of exorcism in the apocryphon and the means used by Abraham are also described, followed by areview of exorcisms in the Old and New Testaments. It turns out that the story about the expulsion of the demon in 1Q20ar differs from the one found in the Book of Tobit and in the descriptions present in the Gospels. In recapitulation, the conclusion is reached that despite some similarities in this field, the story in 1Q20ar retains its original and incomparable character. Perhaps it is aform of bridge between the “restrained” demonology of the Old Testament and the more developed doctrine of evil spirits in the New Testament.
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    Książę Mastema i jego armia w Księdze Jubileuszy
    Tronina, Antoni (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024)
    The Book of Jubilees is a valuable testimony of the “intertestamental” literature from the time of the Maccabean struggles for the religious and national sovereignty of Israel. The topic under discussion concerns the term which describes the leader of the evil spirits as “Prince Mastema.” “Mastema” is not so much a personal name, but rather a designation of function in the world. The term “Lord of Hostility” is not presented here as an opponent of God, but rather as the commander of an army of evil spirits that will wage war against God-faithful spirits in the end times.
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    Obieg apokryfów Starego Testamentu w literaturze koptyjskiej
    Piwowarczyk, Przemysław (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024)
    The article surveys the Old Testament Apocrypha in Coptic literature. After problematizing the nature and list of Apocrypha, specifically in the Egyptian context, it pragmatically uses Clavis apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti as a reference point. The analytic part shows that MSS containing Apocrypha constitute the very margin of the Coptic literary production. Such texts were relatively popular until the fifth century CE, but their popularity waned, and only some selected motifs were reworked in new compositions, mainly of homiletical nature. Moreover, the analysis of extant library catalogues and book lists on papyri, ostraca, and inscriptions proves the almost complete absence of Apocrypha, at least among the monastic readings. The interpretative part underlines the rise of the monasticization of Coptic Christianity and the tightening of episcopal control as crucial factors in the decline of apocryphal production.
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    The Apocalyptic Character of the Testament of Moses
    Parchem, Marek (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024)
    The document entitled Testament of Moses takes the form of afarewell speech inspired by the Book of Deuteronomy, addressed by Moses before his death to Joshua. The original document, dating from the time of the Maccabees (mid-2nd century BC), was rewritten and updated at the beginning of the first century AD. It is preserved in only one Latin manuscript from the sixth century. The Latin text is atranslation from Greek (ca. 5th century) which in turn is a translation of atext that was probably written in Hebrew. Although the Testament of Moses is dominated by a Deuteronomistic theology of history, its message focuses on determinism of an apocalyptic nature. Hence, the existing apocalyptic elements in the document play an important role, which is particularly highlighted by the eschatological hymn in Chapter 10, which shows many parallels with Dan 12:1–3. The eschatological events are portrayed as the time of the establishment of the kingdom of God and the annihilation of the devil. Before this happens, however, a variety of cataclysms of cosmic proportions and an intervention by God will occur, resulting in the final defeat of the forces of evil and the exaltation of Israel and its inclusion in a community with heavenly beings.