Scripta Biblica et Orientalia, 2015-2016, T. 7-8

Stały URI dla kolekcjihttps://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/7113

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Przeglądaj Scripta Biblica et Orientalia, 2015-2016, T. 7-8 wg Temat "archeology"

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    Archeologia Khirbet Qumrân w Paryżu
    Długosz, Dariusz (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2016)
    The paper concerns the archaeological collections of three research institutions dispatched in Paris, the Louvre Museum and the Museum of the Bible and the Holy Land, and also in the collection of the National Library of France, where we can admire the archeological objects and fragments of the manuscripts discovered by the international Dead Sea Scrolls Team at Khirbet Qumrân. One of the archaeological treasures of the collections of the Near East Antiquities Department of the Louvre Museum are three artifacts discovered during the famous excavations at Khirbet Qumrân: the cylindrical “scrolls jar”, used to store biblical scrolls (jarre à manuscrits) and a small fragment of linen, in which the Bible manuscripts were wrapped, here also completed by the faithful copies (facsimiles) of the only one manuscript written on the copper plate, the so-called Copper Scroll (3Q15). The Copper Scroll’s long term conservation against of its strong corrosion held in 1993 – 1997 at the Paris Valectra Laboratory of French Electricity was completed by the restitution of its copies by a brand new technology as X-ray and 3D restitution treatments following by the final facsimiles reproduction in modern Copper. With the turn of the Museum of the Bible and the Holy Land by the Catholic Institute in Paris, it has its own two Dead Sea artifacts of bible archaeology: the cylindrical “scrolls jar” (jarres à manuscrits) and a small fragment of the Psalm manuscript from the Ist century B.C.E. probably coming from Nahal Hever or Qumrân 4Q Cave. These Artifacts of archeology in Paris are completed by the unique collection of 377 small fragments of Hebrew Bible manuscripts, discovered by Polish scholar J.T. Milik in the first Qumrân 1Q Cave in February and March 1949, which the National Library of France purchased in 1952. The fact that many French biblical scholars and archaeologists of the École Biblique in Jerusalem have initiated the first scientific exploration of the settlement and the caves at Khirbet Qumrân in mid-February 1949 it deals a huge contribution of French archeology in the discoveries and publications of the Dead Sea Scrolls.
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    Pierwszy król Egiptu
    Ciałowicz, Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2016)
    The importance of Tell el-Farkha is very clear from the beginning. A great Lower Egyptian culture complex was erected on the Central and Western Koms. Items found inside confirmed both the significant role played by the Lower Egyptian elite and their relationship with the Levant and Upper Egypt. The first large Naqadian building was erected at the Western Kom. This building and all the settlement was destroyed (Naqada IIIA1) by the next group of Naqadians, probably connected with another political centre. They were the constructors of the mastaba. The mastaba as a grave type and the idea of setting up the foundations for a posthumous cult originates from Delta. During the reign of Iry-Hor, the third group of Naqadians, appeared. The period between Naqada IIIA and middle of IIIB seems to be the time of competition between the most influential Naqadian protokingdoms. These rivalry was ended probably by Iry-Hor – the first king of the Lower and Upper Egypt.
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    Tak zwana Stela Izraela króla Merenptaha z XIX dynastii
    Taterka, Filip (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2016)
    The article discusses the stela of king Merenptah of the 19th dynasty (ca. 1213-1203 BC) which describes the victory of the ruler in the war against the Libyans in the context of the whole military activity of the pharaoh. A particular attention is given to the people of Israel, mentioned in the text, noting the existence of another ancient Egyptian source, possibly much older than Merenptah’s stela, in which the same tribe occurs. The article is followed by the first complete Polish translation of the Israel Stela’s inscription.
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    „…także postać Karmicielki lub Serapisa”
    Lipiński, Edward (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2016)
    The Tosefta tractate Avodah zarah V, 1 enjoins to throw rings with images of the Nursing One or of Sarapis into the Dead Sea, a rabbinic expression meaning that they should be completely destroyed. The Nursing One is no doubt the Egyptian goddess Isis, which is often represented while nursing the child Horus or Harpocrates. Many statues, amulets, scarabs, carved rings represent this scene, which has also been reproduced in non-Egyptian ambient and was imitated in Christian art showing Mary with her child Jesus. The mention of Sarapis leaves no doubt that the Tosefta refers to Isis, often named at that time with Sarapis, the main god of Alexandria. Also Sarapis appears on many scarabs, rings, and Roman coins, and was even worshipped in Jerusalem, certainly in the early 2nd century A.D., as shown by some findings and an inscription. The prohibition of the Tosefta concerned rings or scarabs in particular, because their possession could imply a certain devotion to these heathen deities, while coins with similar images were used just for commercial purposes.