Verbum Vitae, 2022, T. 40, nr 3

Stały URI dla kolekcjihttps://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/28357

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Body, Soul and Spirit. Henri de Lubac’s Vision of Tripartite Anthropology
Persidok, Andrzej (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2022)
The article discusses “tripartite anthropology” developed by Henri de Lubac, with particular emphasis on the concept of the “spirit”. The analysis carried out herein aims firstly to reconstruct a coherent anthropological vision from the fragments scattered in various works of this classic 20th-century theologian. Secondly, it aims to show that the vision of “tripartite anthropology” is still a valid response to contemporary attempts to reduce human existence to the body and psyche. In this context, particularly important is the paradoxical nature of the “spirit,” as shown in this study, which is understood as the sphere of human openness to transcendence: it represents both the coping and the center of human nature. Bringing to light this dual role of the “spirit-pneuma” within de Lubac’s theological anthropology is one of the significant results of the analysis presented in the text
Joseph Ratzinger’s Apologia for the Concept of the Soul
Borto, Paweł (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2022)
This article aims to show the rationale behind Joseph Ratzinger’s defence of the concept of the soul in his theological reflection. Since Ratzinger did not produce a separate text justifying the need to maintain the concept of the soul yet justified it when discussing other issues, primarily those related to the Christian profession of faith, a distinction was made between biblical and philosophical-theological arguments to analyse his thought. The analysis indicated that J. Ratzinger saw two fundamental paths in the biblical tradition leading to the formation of the concept of the soul. The first is that which discovers God as the Life-Giver more powerful than death. The second involves the maturing of the profession of faith in the resurrection and the fact of Christ’s resurrection. The concept of the soul, to be developed later, will be based on these two fundamental truths attested to by the Bible and will be the drawing of anthropological conclusions originating in the most important truths of the faith, such as the resurrection of the body or belief in the Last Judgement. Ratzinger also examines other statements of the Church’s Magisterium or those handed down by philosophical and theological tradition from this standpoint. Hence, for him, the concept of the soul does not so much belong to particular anthropology as it derives from a profession of faith that calls for a clear and simple message that is not confined to the expert considerations of theologians.
Karol Wojtyła’s Concept of Personal Transcendence
Gudaniec, Arkadiusz (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2022)
The article presents the understanding of the transcendence of the person in Wojtyła’s philosophy. The text discusses in turn: the role of the experience of the person; the concept of transcendence in relation to other concepts used by Wojtyła; the reference to the truth as the basis of personal transcendence; the integration of the person; the transcendence in the personal existence. The analyses conducted in the article show that transcendence of the person in the proper sense reveals the spiritual dimension of his existence as being superior to the material dimension. The presented text draws attention to the richness of threads showing the transcendence of the person in action on the basis of an analysis of lived experience. This approach not only illuminates or presents from another side the traditional concept of transcendence, based on the essential distinction between person and nature, but also adds new and revealing aspects to it. The person as an autonomous subjectivity not only freely determines himself/herself, but moreover transcends humanity as a general human nature – in virtue of an individual, unique personal existence. As a crowning achievement of the concept of the transcendence of the person, the metaphysical aspect of anthropology, which is strongly present in Wojtyła’s thought, is proposed here, which is somewhat new in the treatment of the topic of transcendence. According to this approach, transcendence experienced in action reveals its deeper level: transcendence in existence, which reveals the deepest foundation of being a person.
Rola duszy rozumnej w antropologii duchowej Orygenesa
Szram, Mariusz (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2022)
Nauka Orygenesa na temat duszy, podobnie jak cała jego teologia, ma charakter hipotetyczno-poszukiwawczy. Przedmiotem artykułu jest wydobycie z jego dzieł i zebranie w całość najważniejszych idei dotyczących duszy rozumnej oraz jej roli w osobie ludzkiej. Orygenes umieszczał swoje rozważania na temat antropologii w kontekście chrześcijańskiego życia duchowego, nie traktował ich natomiast jako rozróżnienia czysto filozoficzne, chociaż nawiązywał do filozofii średniego platonizmu i Filona Aleksandryjskiego. Przeprowadzona analiza porównawcza tekstów Orygenesa, zachowanych w greckim oryginale lub wczesnochrześcijańskich łacińskich przekładach, uwypukla główne tematy jego duchowej antropologii: trychotomiczny podział struktury osoby ludzkiej, przypisywanie kategorii obrazu Boga w człowieku duszy rozumnej oraz dążenie duszy do pełnego poddania się Duchowi Świętemu, czyli osiągnięcia stanu doskonałego podobieństwa do Boga. W świetle wypowiedzi Orygenesa dusza rozumna, zwana także umysłem, sercem i zasadą przewodnią, jest istotnym elementem strukturalnym osoby ludzkiej, tożsamym z obrazem Bożym w człowieku. W życiu ziemskim toczy ona walkę duchową przeciw pożądliwościom ciała, usiłując podporządkować całego człowieka duchowi, a za jego pośrednictwem Duchowi Świętemu.

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