The Biblical Annals, 2020, T. 10, nr 3

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    Eyewitnesses and Healing Miracles in the Gospel of Mark
    Bauckham, Richard (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    This essay builds on my extensive argument elsewhere to the effect that the Gospels are closely based on eyewitness testimony. It focuses on the nine healing miracles in the Gospel of Mark. The intention is not to offer any kind of proof that the stories really are based on eyewitness reports, but to show that Mark wanted to claim eyewitness testimony for them and that this explains some features of the narratives. The features that are discussed from this perspective are the Aramaic words of Jesus, the occurrence of personal names, and the literary construction of point of view.
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    Jean-Noël Aletti, Il Gesù di Luca (Epifania della Parola; Bologna: Dehoniane 2012). Pp. 265. € 27. ISBN 881040243X
    Węgrzyn, Adam (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
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    Jesus and the Paralytics. Memorializing Miracles in the Greco-Roman World of the Gospels
    Giambrone, Anthony (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    This study explores the Greco-Roman memorialization of healings through material culture as a point of comparison for the Gospels’ miracle traditions. Special attention is given to the ex-votos left at healing shrines and especially the Iamata inscriptions connected with the Asclepius cult. This corpus of evidence brings into focus a series of dynamics that help illuminate the stories of Jesus’ two healings of a paralytic (John 5:1-15; Mark 2:1-10). The comparisons help clarify both the common memorializing supports that informed and sustained the memory of Jesus transmitted in the Gospels, as well as the distinctive relationship of the Christian cult to certain specific places where memories of Jesus where preserved.
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    Jesus, Magician or Miracle Worker?
    Twelftree, Graham H. (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    This paper sets out to answer the question, was Jesus considered a magician? And if so, why? In the face of a current inconclusive debate, using unsuitable definitions of magic, and likely entangled with twenty-first-century definitions, the second-century data is engaged to help re-sensitize a reading of the gospel data. There are clear charges of magic in the second century that enable twenty-first-century readers to see that observers of Jesus’ ministry charged him with magic, but not for the reasons usually assumed. Some contemporary implications of this study are taken up in a contemporary coda.
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    Między tłumaczeniem słów a tłumaczeniem sensu. Współczesne spojrzenie na historię syryjskich przekładów Nowego Testamentu na przykładzie J 3,1.2.16.17
    Jutkiewicz, Piotr (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    Is it necessary to refer literally to all the words in order to translate a text faithfully? The ancient Syriac-speaking church already lived this dilemma. In no other ancient language can we have access to a series of translations of the biblical texts from different centuries in order to follow the diachronic development of the translation technique so closely. This paper presents for the first time to a Polish reader the process of transformation of the New Testament translations into Syriac from reader-oriented to source-oriented type. Modern, simple categories of dynamic and formal equivalence, once proposed by Eugene A. Nida, help us to describe the characteristic features of particular translations, in which different assumptions and goals lead to a new reception of the text. Understanding the nature of a particular translation may lead us to appreciate and better evaluate its textual evidence. The translation technique is analyzed using John 3:1.2.16.17 as an example in three Syriac translations from different epochs: Vetus Syra, Peshitta, Harklean. A broader supplementary bibliography on the topics discussed is also presented.
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    The Corinthian Opponents of the Resurrection in 1 Cor 15:12. The Epicurean Hypothesis Reconsidered
    Szymik, Stefan (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    The paper contributes to the discussion regarding the Corinthian opponents of the resurrection of the dead (1 Cor 15:12). In particular, it attempts to re-examine the thesis of the Epicurean framework of this controversy. The first part focuses on the main lines of interpretation of 1 Cor 15:12 and the presentation of the Epicurean thesis. It is followed by an analysis of Paul’s polemical statements against the thesis of his Corinthian opponents, “there is no resurrection of the dead” (1 Cor 15:12; cf. vv. 19, 29-34, 35). It is assumed that Paul clearly says that his opponents deny a bodily resurrection and future life – there is nothing after death. The third part of the paper reconsiders some hermeneutic factors concerning the identity of the Corinthian opponents of the resurrection. 1 Cor 15 contains terminological and ideological parallels to Epicureanism, especially, by way of opposition. Yet, the valuation of these data remains an open question.
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    The Hemorrhaging Woman and Jairus’ Daughter as Representatives of Israel. An Attempt at the Symbolic Reading of Mark 5:21-43
    Kubiś, Adam (1976-) (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)
    The scope of the present study is the symbolic analysis of the two interwoven Markan narratives about the healing of the woman with the flow of blood (5:25-34) and the raising of Jairus’ daughter (5:21-24.35-43). The principal thesis of this work consists in interpreting both women as symbols of Israel. The study begins with the presentation of the methodological premises of symbolic analysis. The main methodological premise of this work is the conviction that the literary sense of this pericope is in fact imbued with symbolism. Then there is a presentation of three criteria which help in detecting symbols in the biblical text: textual probability, conventions probability and contextual probability. Subsequently, in order to lend credence to the principal thesis of the article, seventeen literary elements found in Mark 5:21-43 are discussed; each of them meets the first two criteria and lends itself to symbolic interpretation of the two women as representations of Israel. The cumulative weight of these seventeen elements creates a rather strong cumulative argument in favor of the main thesis. Finally, the conformity between the symbolic interpretation of these women and both the immediate and global contexts of this pericope is discussed. The presence of this conformity meets the third criterion of contextual probability. The article thus offers a convincing case for the symbolic interpretation of the hemorrhaging woman and Jairus’ daughter in Mark 5:21-43 as representations of Israel.