Sara ‒ matka Izaaka, Maryja ‒ matka Jezusa. Próba odnalezienia typologii w świetle literatury judaistycznej

Abstract

The author sets out to show to what extent the New Testament exploits the possibilities of the typology Sarah ‒ mother of Isaac, Mary ‒ mother of Jesus. In the first section he discusses typological sense and the criteria that enable us to find it in biblical texts. In the second section he shows Sarah as presented in the Old Testament accounts and Jewish Haggadah, and in the third he indicates the possibilities of a Sarah-Mary typology based on New Testament texts. The author finds the typology in the Infancy narratives (Luke 1‒2). St. Luke made his own original use of the parallelism between the births of Isaac and Jesus. The birth of John the Baptist, described in terms of the first annunciation in the history of salvation, closes on the Old Testament epoch, characterized by faith whose examples were Abraham, Sarah and Elisabeth. Yet that faith looked for the coming of a descendant of Abraham who would really redeem Israel. The new epoch begins with the conception and birth of Jesus. Mary stands at the dawn of the new epoch. In this way Luke contrasts the old order with the new. Sarah-Elisabeth are the historical boundaries of the old People of God. Mary, the mother of Jesus the Saviour of the World, gives birth to a new People of God.