Moralne aspekty klonowania człowieka

Abstract

About two decades ago the issue of cloning was considered in regard to animals and plants only. And yet the issue of cloning of the human-being is today more frequently talked about. However, this raises many controversies and offers arguments for and against. The aim of the article is to synthesize arguments that are most often used to support the convenience of the moral right of research and experiments in copying the genetic substance and to justify the truths on which the negative moral evaluation is based. The arguments for practicing human cloning can be divided into three groups: technical, liberalistic and melioristic. Their common feature is an attempt to point out the measurable benefits that are given by the techniques of human cloning. A differential element is a reason for the practice and the introduction of the distinction that recognizes the difference between the therapeutic and reproductive cloning. The three categories of the contrary arguments are related to: the question of the dignity of the human being and his physical and spiritual nature; the negative consequences in the personality of the cloned male/female; a public menace that arises from the self-destruction mechanism of the culture that does not identify its goals with the real and genuine good of the individual human and the group simultaneously.