Język aramejski – lingua franca starożytnego Bliskiego Wschodu

Abstract

Aramaic is the ancient language of the Semitic family group. From ninth century BC and onward, it and its script had become the international language of diplomacy and commerce. Aramaic is dated into five periods: (1) 925-700 – Old Aramaic, (2) 700-200 – Official/Imperial Aramaic, (3) 200 BC–200 AD – Middle Aramaic, (4) 200-1200 – Late Aramaic, (5) 1200–to our time – Modern Aramaic. It was used in both the Old Testament (Gen 31:47; Jer 10:11; Ezra 4:8-6:18; 7:12-26; Dn 2:4-7:28) and the New Testament (e.g. Mk 5:41; 15:34; 1Kor 16:22). Aramaic also has supplied important non-biblical texts of various kinds throughout the whole biblical period. It was a spoken language in the time of Jesus Christ as well.