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Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary a bernardyńska misja sui iuris na Sachalinie
Sitnik, Aleksander Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2023)
Artykuł prezentuje pracę misyjną polskich bernardynów, którą podjęli na Sachalinie japońskim na początku XX w. W 1932 r. Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary utworzyła samodzielną placówkę misyjną sui iuris i oddała ją pod opiekę Zakonowi Braci Mniejszych, prowincji bernardyńskiej w Polsce. Misyjną działalność bernardynów na Sachalinie wspierała nie tylko Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary, ale także Kuria Generalna Zakonu Braci Mniejszych w Rzymie i Kuria Prowincjalna Prowincji Niepokalanego Poczęcia NMP w Polsce. Kongregacja Rozkrzewiania Wiary, aby jeszcze bardziej spotęgować działania misjonarzy, w 1938 r. utworzyła prefekturę apostolską w Karafuto. Pomimo tak wielu wysiłków instytucji kościelnych na skutek niesprzyjających warunków politycznych bernardyńska misja na Sachalinie musiała zostać zamknięta już w 1948 r.
The Popularization of Knowledge About Contemporary Monasteries of Bernardine Fathers (Bernardynów) and Bernardine Franciscan Sisters (Bernardynek) Online
Sitnik, Aleksander Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2022)
The Internet is an essential tool in the mission of contemporary Catholic Church. It has become a daily instrument of work for priests and monks. Since 1990s the Bernardine Fathers and subsequently the Bernardine Franciscan Sisters have started to create the websites of their monasteries. Beyond a doubt it was caused by new opportunities of pastoral work, dialogue with the contemporary faithful, exchange of thoughts and experiences. Furthermore, the websites constitute a great aid to reach various kind of information especially those which concern the history of the Bernardine Fathers and the Bernardine Franciscan Sisters in Poland. The research papers present a different level, however they equip a reader with basic information about the presented monastic posts. Hence, they are worth reading.
Udział bernardynów w powstaniu listopadowym i popowstaniowe losy ich klasztorów
Sitnik, Aleksander Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2020)
According to historians, the participation of the Order of Friars Minor in the November Uprising was significant. As historical sources show, a beautiful chapter in the history of national uprisings was written by the Franciscan Observants (known as Bernardines in Poland) in the Congress Kingdom and in the territories directly incorporated into the Russian Empire, where national oppression was high and where the bloody November Uprising broke out in 1830. The Bernardine community turned out to be sensitive to calls for freedom, which is why many monks participated in independence movements, though we need to bear in mind that the Holy See forbade the religious to take part in revolutions. Many Bernardines volunteered as chaplains of insurgent units or joined Colonel Józef Zaliwski’s partisan forces. Those who distinguished themselves in particular were Poncjan Brzeziński OFM and the preacher Benwenuty Mańkowski. An important role was played by Bernardine monasteries, which became transfer points for the insurgents, providing them with both spiritual and material support. The available information suggests that except for Brzeziński and Mańkowski, no Bernardine friar was arrested or exiled after the Uprising. However, fragmented pieces of information allow us to conclude that the role of these monastics during the Uprising was by no means insignificant. „The future generations”, as Charles Montalambert wrote, “will tell stories about this magnificent concord between the clergy and the people [...], about those Bernardines and village priests arriving on horseback with sabres in their hand to die leading their sheep”.
Udział bernardynów w powstaniu styczniowym i ich późniejsze losy
Sitnik, Aleksander Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2021)
According to historians, the participation of the Order of Friars Minor (Bernardines) in the January Uprising was significant. In the light of historical sources Bernardine Fathers wrote a beautiful page in this national surge. As the historian of Bernardine Order Hieronim Eugeniusz Wyczawski claimed, it should be seen as a noble surge being the expression of love for the homeland and freedom. On the other hand it is impossible not to arrive at the conclusion that actions undertaken by Bernardine Fathers were frequently reckless and gullible or they lacked the ability to organize conspiratorial work. In the present elaboration I presented the activity of Bernardine Fathers in Congress Poland and on lands directly incarnated to Russian Empire which underwent big nationalistic oppression and where the bloody January Uprising broke out in 22nd January 1863 in the Kingdom of Poland and in 1st February 1863 in the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. At the time multiple restrictions of monastic life occurred, also for Bernardine provinces. Not only did occupying authorities declare reluctance to such form of life, but they gradually limited and liquidated monastic structures, single monasteries and whole provinces. The dissolutions of the monasteries were accompanied with looting of their properties, taking away archives and libraries, exploiting of church and monastic premises for secular purposes. The dissolution broke Bernardine structures in the Kingdom of Poland. Many monks lost the sense of leading a monastic life what was manifested by frequent requests about secularization and emigration. It was the price that Bernardine Fathers paid for their patriotic engagement and binding their lives with the history of Polish society.