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Andrzej Derdziuk OFMCap. Teologia moralna w służbie wiary Kościoła. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2010 ss. 411.
Zadroga, Adam (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2010)
Axionormative Determinants of Social Entrepreneurship in View of the Principles of Catholic Social Teaching
Zadroga, Adam (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2023)
The role of Catholic social teaching has been attributed to the promotion of moral values and principles that should be considered when establishing or evaluating a given social, economic, or political system. This also applies to smaller structures, specific institutions, concepts, and practical social solutions, which may include social entrepreneurship. The article aims to confirm the hypothesis that, taking into account the principles of Catholic social teaching in the process of discovering the axionormative determinants of social entrepreneurship allows its deeper understanding and more effective implementation of its praxeological goals. At the beginning of the paper, the author emphasises the common source of all general and specific axionormative criteria of the two analysed disciplines – the dignity of a human person. Further deliberations revolve around other values and principles, such as the value of human work and entrepreneurship, the common good, the universal destination of goods, the preferential option for the poor, solidarity, subsidiarity, and participation.
Catholic Social Teaching as a Source of Enrichment of the Moral Dimension of Social Enterprise Management
Zadroga, Adam (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2022)
Social enterprises perceive social and environmental issues as primary objectives of their hybrid socio-economic activities. They believe that financial stability is a prerequisite, not a goal. This approach is similar to Catholic social teaching (CST). The detailed content of the social encyclicals is a valuable means of deeper exploration and enrichment of the moral dimension of social enterprise management. The following article analyses social entrepreneurship from the point of view of the fundamental principles of CST and theological premises. The reference to the management of a social enterprise of the supreme personalistic standard and principles such as the common good, subsidiarity, and solidarity allows the moral dimension of this process to be understood more deeply. The paper was created based on a method appropriate to research focused on moral theology and CST. First, the content of selected literature on the subject (social entrepreneurship) and carefully selected theological-moral sources (especially papal documents and publications by CST researchers) were analysed. Subsequently, the results of the analysis were subjected to inference and conceptual work in relation to the adopted general research objective and specific research tasks: the phenomenon of social enterprises was described; the specific features and limitations of the social enterprise management process were identified; the fundamental principles of Catholic social teaching as normative criteria for social enterprise management were reviewed; the possibility of applying the aforementioned CST principles to social enterprise practice was discussed and presented, and the final conclusions were formulated.
Conditions, Standard and Quality of Life in a Study of Socio-Economic Development. An Attempt to Resolve the Problems of Definition
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2016)
In the last 30-40 years there has been an increased interest in research on socio-economic changes. Thus, there has been a shift away from measuring only the material dimension of development. Researchers started using categories such as: consumption, standard of living, level of living, economic welfare, wealth, living conditions, quality of life, a way of life, lifestyle, etc. The problem that we face in quite extensive literature is the lack of application of a uniform terminology. Attempts to define these categories should be regarded as not fully satisfactory because they do not allow the adoption of clear solutions. We can only point out some proposals that include many significant features conducive to the study of the social dimension of the economic transition. This article attempts to resolve problems of the definitions of three basic categories related to the study of socio-economic changes, which are: conditions of life, standard of living and quality of life.
Ekonomia społeczna i nauczanie społeczne Kościoła. Wzajemne implikacje aksjologiczne
Zadroga, Adam (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2009)
Social economy and the Church’s social teaching are joined not only by a similar object of interest, i. e. a common axiological foundation in the form of certain values and principles. It seems that the existence of such connections on the axiological level is not very well known, which can be proven, among others, by the fact that it is hard to find any studies or even mentions connected with it in the literature on the subject. Hence an attempt seems justified to look closely and to analyze this connection in order to indicate the details of mutual implications, and so to show the possibilities of mutual enriching these two domains of human reflection on social life. The article analyzes particular principles of social life that are preached by the Church as part of its social teaching, with respect to their presence or the necessity of considering them in social economy. First it points to (1) the source and foundation of all the social principles, which is the human person, and then it shows (2) the dignity of work and the call to be enterprising. Next, the following principles are analyzed: (3) the common good, the general allotment of goods and preferential option for the poor, and finally (4) solidarity, subsidiariness and participation.
Etyka i duchowość praco-dawcy XXI wieku. 30-lecie encykliki Jana Pawła II „Laborem exercens”. Red. M. Leśniak, G. Piątek, P. Król. Kraków: Wydawnictwo UNUM 2012 ss. 130
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2015)
Implementing the Principle of the Common Good in Classical and Social Enterprises
Marek, Agnieszka; Kostrzewa, Sylwia; Zadroga, Adam (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2023)
This publication aims to identify similarities and differences in the ways of implementing the principle of the common good in classical (commercial) and social enterprises. Given the differences between social and classical enterprises in terms of their objectives and modes of action, it has to be stressed that the nature of the contribution they make to the common good differs in terms of subject and object. The research is embedded in Catholic social teaching (CST) because this approach presents one of the theoretically and practically richest theories of the common good, and secondly, it allows to discover modern ways of building the common good while respecting centuries of tradition and referring to philosophical classics. The common good principle in the light of CST lets us focus not only on the material but also the transcendental aims of human work and life which lead to more sustainable management. Commercial enterprises strengthen intellectual capital and expand technological and business knowledge. The profit earned by these companies essentially contributes to the good of society (taxes, investment, charity), including employees (bonuses, training). Social enterprises, on the other hand, have the advantage of investing in social capital and thus building a civil society based on mutual trust and support, especially at a local and institutional level. The profit generated by these organisations is a means to achieve social goals and not an end in itself. The results of our research show that both commercial and social enterprises contribute to common good on their own ways but the best results can be achieved when they cooperate and use all of their strengths for building the better future.
Kazimierz Synowczyk OFMCap, Powołani do miłości doskonałej. O życiu zakonnym według bł. Honorata Koźmińskiego, Kalwaria Zebrzydowska: Wydawnictwo Calvarianum 2015, ss. 168.
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2016)
Moralna odpowiedzialność ludzi biznesu. Red. M. Leśniak, G. Piątek, P. Król, Kraków: Wydawnictwo UNUM 2012 ss. 151
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2015)
Moralna postawa człowieka wobec bogactw w świetle Biblii
Zadroga, Adam (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2010)
The subject of the analyses presented in the article is the problem of how Biblical texts answer the question about a man’s attitude towards winning, accumulating and using riches. Starting from (1) the Old Testament vision, through (2) the meaning of Christ’s utterances that are contained in the Gospel, and ending with the message in the Acts and the Epistles, the author presents the biblical assumptions of moral attitudes towards material goods. The discussion is concluded with (3) an attempt to indicate ethical implications resulting from the Holy Scriptures’ attitude towards worldly goods.
Nauczanie ewangelicko-luterańskie na temat ludzkiej pracy
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2021)
Papieska Rada „Iustitia et Pax”. Powołanie lidera biznesu. Refleksja. Tłum. H. Zieleźnik. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Księży Sercanów DEHON 2012 ss. 72.
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2014)
Personalistyczna koncepcja moralności gospodarczej w ujęciu Benedykta XVI i Jana Pawła II w kontekście współczesnego kryzysu ekonomicznego
Zadroga, Adam (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 2012)
Among the many causes of the economic and financial crisis that has marred the world for some years now, there is one that is perhaps the most prominent. This is a moral cause. The context of the crisis shows that it is not enough to just argue for economic morality as such. An urgent answer is needed to the question of what direct ethical solutions can inform the socio-economic thought so that they can add to a more humane shape of the economic life of the world. Drawing upon the social teaching of John Paul II and Benedict XVI, the author of the paper explores the personalistic conception of economic morality, as the most adequate answer to the problems of contemporary economy. The first section discusses the most important elements of the moral criticism, concerning the causes of contemporary crisis, so well visible in the frequent financial scandals. The second section uses Benedict XVI’s encyclical Caritas in veritate to present the personalistic, holistic conception of economic morality. Finally, the main assumptions of the entrepreneurship ethics were exhibited as based on the teaching of John Paul II.
Polityka społeczna Unii Europejskiej za 25 lat. Przyczynek do dyskusji
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2014)
Przedmiotem analiz tego opracowania jest – postulowany przez autora – przyszły kształt polityki społecznej Unii Europejskiej za 25 lat. W punkcie wyjścia krytycznej ocenie poddano możliwość osiągnięcia jednolitego modelu socjalnego w Europie – czegoś na kształt „europejskiego welfare state”. Zdaniem autora jest to scenariusz nie tylko nierealny, ale także społecznie szkodliwy. Dlatego jako alternatywne rozwiązanie przedstawiono założenia oraz konsekwencje przyjęcia liberalnego (marginalnego) podejścia do polityki społecznej.
Postawy chrześcijańskich liderów biznesu w Polsce na podstawie wybranej literatury przedmiotu
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2015)
Przedmiotem artykułu są postawy moralne przyjmowane przez chrześcijańskich liderów biznesu w Polsce. W podjętym badaniu skoncentrowano się na jednym z kluczowych komponentów postawy, który stanowią różnorakie procesy motywacyjne. Postawiono następujące pytanie badawcze: jakie są religijne i moralne motywy postaw przyjmowanych przez liderów biznesu w Polsce wobec wyzwań zawodowych? Centralna teza studium zawiera się w stwierdzeniu, że w Polsce istnieją przedsiębiorczy chrześcijanie, którzy pomimo niezwykle trudnego wyzwania zawodowego, jakim jest pogodzenie celów biznesowych i religijno-moralnych, chcą postępować w harmonijny sposób i swoim życiem dają świadectwo, że możliwe jest – dzięki łasce Bożej − przezwyciężenie pokusy prowadzenia „podzielonego życia”. Odpowiedź na sformułowane pytanie badawcze uzyskano poprzez przegląd i analizę treści wybranych wypowiedzi chrześcijańskich liderów biznesu w Polsce, zawartych w świadectwach zamieszczonych w materiałach z konferencji zorganizowanych w latach 2011-2012 przez Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie oraz Duszpasterstwo Przedsiębiorców i Pracodawców „Talent”. Drugie źródło stanowi raport zawierający odpowiedzi z internetowej ankiety przeprowadzonej w dniach 9-20.09.2011 przez Duszpasterstwo „Talent” (na pytania odpowiedziały 64 osoby). Autor w swoich analizach skupił się na treściach wypowiedzi tych liderów biznesu w Polsce, którzy w sposób jednoznaczny odwoływali się do wyznawanej wiary chrześcijańskiej, ukazując jej pozytywny wpływ na ich życie osobiste i zawodowe. Stąd artykuł należy traktować jedynie jako przyczynek naukowy do dalszych pogłębionych i szerszych badań tej grupy zawodowej. Dokonane studium pozwala stwierdzić, że w polskim świecie biznesu są osoby, dla których obok efektywności gospodarczej (co jest niepodważalnym sensem biznesu), ważne są również cele duchowe, tj. zbawienie wieczne, pełnienie woli Bożej, oddawanie chwały Bogu, uświęcenie czasu, a jednocześnie realizowanie takich wartości moralnych, jak: troska o czyste sumienie, zaufanie, odpowiedzialność, uczciwość, poszanowanie godności pracowników (mimo ich ludzkiej skłonności do popełniania zła), zachęcanie ich do rozwoju, radość, równowaga między życiem zawodowym i rodzinnym.
Proces specjalistycznego doradztwa społecznego – kluczowe elementy
Drozd, František; Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2016)
The aim of the article is to indicate the general characteristics of the key elements of social counseling process. To accomplish this task authors used professional literature and professional experience in the field of one of the co-authors. František Drozd several years has been practicing of social counseling in Slovakia. His experience allowed him to competently determine the key factors in the counseling process. These are: (1) ambient conditions and taking into account the time factor; (2) properly conducted interview; (3) the relevant contract with the client and skillful completion of the counseling process, and (4) ethical principles in counseling work.
Professional Ethics of Social Entrepreneurs: The Perspective of Christian Personalist Ethics
Zadroga, Adam (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2021)
The aim of the article is to indicate and describe the normative assumptions of the professional ethics of social entrepreneurs. The innovative nature of the proposed concept consists in taking into consideration the perspective of Christian personalist ethics. It is a theory of morality which includes considerations for the biblical and theological view of man, emphasizing above all their personal dignity. Referring to the principal axioms of this ethical doctrine allows for a presentation of a proposal of ethical principles and moral virtues – adequate to the mission, tasks, and vocation of social entrepreneurs. The article discusses the following issues: the essence of Christian personalist ethics, the mission and tasks of social entrepreneurs, the motivation and vocation of social entrepreneurs, ethical aspects of leadership in social enterprises, as well as the ethical principles and moral virtues of social entrepreneurs. A methodology characteristic of normative philosophical ethics and moral theology was applied. The results of the analysis of the methodically selected literature on the subject were processed by means of conceptual work, which allowed us to describe the professional ethics of social entrepreneurs from the point of view of Christian personalist ethics. Christian personalist ethics makes a valuable and original contribution to the description of the normative determinants of social entrepreneurship. The analysis of the mission and tasks of social entrepreneurs shows that they create social structures and processes that affirm the dignity of marginalized people and restore their capacity to participate in social and economic life.
Przedsiębiorczość z perspektywy nauki społecznej Kościoła zarys problematyki
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2008)
The paper outlines the problems of entrepreneurship from the perspective of the Church’s social doctrine in which this category is taken above all in its anthropological and ethical dimension. Thus the author makes an attempt to answer the following questions: what does it mean to be an entrepreneurial person? what ethical principals accompany running an enterprise? An essential role here is also played by the question whether the decisions made by an entrepreneur should be subordinate only to economic goals, or he should additionally be governed by important non-economic goals. If so, then should he do this? The paper has been divided into three parts. The first part presents the essence and importance of entrepreneurship in the context of the contemporary vision of economic development. The second part shows entrepreneurship as an anthropological and ethical category on the basis of the Church’ social doctrine. The third part depicts the position of social moral theology linked with entrepreneurship.
Sekcja Teologów Moralistów Polskich w latach 1992-2001
Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2007)
The section of Polish Moral Theologians is a Polish milieu in which a learned reflection on moral theology is pursued. It groups the staff of moral theology working at Theological Faculties in Theological Seminaries in Poland. In 2001 the first study on the history of moral theology was published. It was written by Ariusz Małyska and entitled The History of the Section of Polish Moral Theologians in the Years of 1958-2000, Lublin 2001. The paper seeks to provide the reader (in its first part) with the details of the section’s organisation, and then (the second part) to present some initiatives and broader problems. They were discussed at the annual learned meetings of the Section in the years of 1992-2001. The broader historical context was an inspiration to analyse and study the section in that period. The paper is supposed to answer the question whether and how much the social events were reflected in the works of the Section of Polish Moral Theologians. By the social events we mean here moral callings (signs of the time) drawn from social transformations caused by the event of 1989, the end of the second millennium, and the Great Jubilee of Christendom in 2000.
Specialized Social Counseling – Key Elements
Drozd, František; Zadroga, Adam (Wydawnictwo Towarzystwa Naukowego Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, 2016)
The aim of the article is to indicate the general characteristics of the key elements of the social counseling process. To accomplish this task the authors used professional literature and one of the co-authors’ professional experience in his field of study. František Drozd has been practicing social counseling in Slovakia for several years. His experience has allowed him to competently determine the key factors in the counseling process. These are: (1) ambient conditions and taking into account the time factor; (2) properly conducted interview; (3) the relevant contract with the client and skillful completion of the counseling process, and (4) ethical principles in the counseling relation.