Studia Ełckie, 2012, T. 14

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Scena religijna wobec realizmu. Portret wotywny i portret ukryty w obrazie „Opłakiwanie” z kościoła św. Katarzyny w Braniewie
Jagla, Jowita (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The authoress analyzes the „Mourning” picture from St. Catherine church in Braniewo. In her interpretation she remarks that the whole expressive scene is dedicated to the death of Christ, which on one hand side is focused on the Lord’s Passion, but on the other – does not confine itself only to religious contents. The picture contains some kind of moralizing message due to taking advantage of possibilities delivered by the symbolism of portrait. A spectator is introduced by the artist into the epicenter of the portrayed occurrence. The painter not only spotlights himself pridefully as an author of the work, but also indicates the direction of perception: from oppressed Christ to Cardinal Hozjusz as the founder of the picture, and an exemplary Christian.
Opcja preferencyjna na rzecz ubogich realizacją przykazania miłości. Z perspektywy globalnej i Polski
Kluz, Marek (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The contemporary world is challenged by poverty. A particular form of serving the poor is a „preferential option for the poor”, also known as the „preferential love for the poor”. This option is developed on the basis of the Church’s social teaching on social solidarity and love which imitate Christ in His attitude toward the poor. The article presents the origin, nature, and ways of realizing the preferential love for the poor in the modern world and in the life of the Church. It starts with explaining the meaning of the word poor (poverty), then draws attention to the various manifestations of poverty in Poland and in the world. It also reflects on the moral responsibility for the current scale of poverty. The analyses embrace the teaching of Pope John Paul II. His words and the example of his life were an urgent appeal to all the people of good will to change the situation of the poor. The topic have been presented against the background of socioeconomic sciences.
El milagro en la teología contemporánea
Sokołowski, Karol (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article, while trying to avoid any strait apologetic approach to the religious problem of miracle, considers it in the theological perspective. The theological interpretation seems to be necessary, as those aspects of the Judeo-Christian revelation that make it believable need to be integrated into a broader and deeper outlook, into a broader epistemological and religious framework for its proper understanding. The article consists of the following parts: “Voices of Dictionary”, “Miracle as the Definitive Criterion of Revelation, “Miracle and its Dimensions”, “Miracles as the Credibility of Faith”, “Miracles, Christology, Liberation”, “Functions of Miracle”.
Perspectivas de la etica civil. Valores democraticos y virtudes civicas
Ferrer, Urbano (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The paper starts with focusing on three forms in which ‘Civil Ethics’ can be considered, according to whether we approach it from the minimum Ethics common to the citizens, or universal rights, or the ethical backbone of civil society. Subsequently, the paper examines historical reasons that account for the imposition of the above mentioned. Which would there be the most suitable one? If civil freedom and equality are to be ethical and metaphysical mainstays of democratic values, the article shows the weakness of the first two approaches. As the third one is concerned, it seems to be fruitful insofar as democratic values are accompanied by civic virtues, which are the only ones that can make them effective. The article is concluded with an analysis of the virtues of responsibility, strength, and prudence with the particular connotation that they have in the realm of public life.
Kwestia udziału katolików w życiu społecznopolitycznym na łamach prasy diecezjalnej Polski północno-wschodniej w latach 1989-2009
Guzewicz, Wojciech (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
For almost 20 years the issue of the participation of the Catholics in the socio-political life has occupied much space in all diocesan periodicals of the north-east Poland. They wrote about the notion of politics, groundless allegations that Christianity has nothing to do with politics and that priests should not meddle with politics, about various forms and levels of political commitment, the criteria of elections and the position of the Church towards political parties and groups. All the texts embrace the social teaching that politics is a considerable concern for the common good, and the Church, because of its mission and competence, in no way can be identified with any party or political group. And the political options of the Catholics should be in accordance with the evangelical system of values.
Jawność postępowań dyscyplinarnych
Korzeniewska-Lasota, Anna (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The principle of open proceedings is a guarantee of reliable judicial process. The considerations aim at answering the question whether this principle of open proceedings is applicable to disciplinary trials. Starting by a short characteristic of the specificity of disciplinary proceedings, the authoress passes to justifying a need of the applicability of the principle of open proceedings into all the models of disciplinary liability in order to ensure the procedural fairness and constitutional identity for the accused.
Akcja antykatolicka w Polsce i jej autorzy (1947-1956)
Sekściński, Bogdan (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article investigates the persecution of the Catholic Church in the times of Stalinism, when the political power in Poland was largely centralized in the hands of the Communists of Jewish origin, who were sent by Joseph Stalin from Moscow in order to sovietize Poland. The Catholic Church, which had been defending the sovereignty of Poland for centuries, was treated by Communists as a greatest enemy of their objectives. The article shows the ruthlessness of the Communist regime, whose goal was to weaken the role of the Roman Catholic Church, and to liquidate its leading institutions, such as the Catholic University of Lublin. It concisely presents main assumptions of the “anticlerical action” which was authorized by Hilary Minc and Jakub Berman. The paper contains legal reviews which indicate the illegal behavior of security officers in relation to Catholics, in particular to those of juvenile age. It argues that, with fighting against the Catholicism in Poland, the Communists infringed the law established by themselves. The article is a result of the many months inquiry in several archive institutes in Poland.
Powojenne losy kościoła św. Katarzyny w Braniewie w świetle archiwaliów wojewódzkiego konserwatora zabytków w Olsztynie
Wojtkowski, Jacek (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The church of S. Catherine in Braniewo was destroyed by the military operations of the World War II. The church was to be restored and left as “a permanent ruin” after 1945. The post-war history of the object accurately illustrates communist policy towards the Christian historicoartistic heritage of Warmia. The documents show that on 22 June 1959 the Provincial Conservator, Lucjan Czubiel, agreed “to remove the upper fragment of remainders of the church tower”. In 1961 the Department for Religious Affairs in Olsztyn took a following position on the ruins of St. Catherine church: “the protection of St. Catharine ruins should be postponed for subsequent years”. In practice this meant the suspension of any maintenance works and the progressive process of destruction. The documents reveal a deliberate action towards the total annihilation of the church. The shifting of the responsibility for the object between the Provincial Conservator and Town Council Presidium in Braniewo, and also the setting of a deadline for destructing remainders of the ruins on 3 May 1973 (a religious feast day of Mary the Queen of Poland), demonstrate a specific attitude of the authorities in Poland to the Christian heritage in those times. Finally, the ruins of St. Catherine church became the property of the Roman Catholic Church by the Ministry’s resolution No. 303 of 31 December 1973. For 28 years the state authorities have been trying to destroy a masterpiece of the Christian historico-artistic heritage, the church in Braniewo. The Diocese of Warmia waited 33 years for a permission to rebuild it. The first mass after World War II was celebrated by Bp. Julian Wojtkowski on Christmas Eve in 1981. Since the ruins were taken back, the temple was rebuilt and restored to its old splendor by the Diocese of Warmia within 8 years.
El voluntarismo en Escoto: voluntad y libertad
Gordillo Álvarez-Valdés, Lourdes (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article reveals reasons of the voluntarism of Duns Scotus. In his conception of freedom, understood as the freedom of will, Duns Scotus endows will with priority. Will becomes a real rational power, followed by intellect that is a natural power. Then ethical and anthropological consequences emerge to show a new way of understanding man. The reasons of the voluntarism of Scotus are analyzed in their historical context. To return his omnipotence to God, Scotus has to prioritize an infinite and limitless willingness in God, understood as charity. Through his will also man relates with God and reaches his ends in praxis. This means a break with tradition since man is to discover le raison d’être of the things not by his ratio, but by his praxis which directs him and allows him to achieve his goals
Plotinus’ Adoption of Aristotle’s Doctrine of Act (energeia)
Hancock, Curtis L. (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
Restoring the Foundations of Reason and Faith in Religious Education
O’Shea, Gerard (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
This paper explores reasons for the apparent ineffectiveness of religious education programmes in the Catholic schools of the West. It examines the impact of the anti-realist educational philosophy of Constructivism and the inadequacy of responses to these challenges, including those proposed by Recontextualisation theologians. The paper examines the work of the nineteenth century English Cardinal, John Henry Newman, and recommends possible solutions to the crisis in religious education based on the work of his insights. It also argues the case for certitude as a necessary component of religious education.
Kształtowanie się znaczenia nazwy „Mazowsze” na przestrzeni dziejów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem XII-XIX wieku
Truszczyński, Marek (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
Understanding the core character of the Mazovians as a tribe, and Mazovia as a region, does not consist only in showing the movements of Slavic tribes, but also in indicating connections with other cultures of that times. Those factors cannot be considered separately because it would result in the lack of continuity in perceiving the history. Simultaneously, the contemporary Mazovia would not exist without those pioneer and primary ages, when those Slavic masses were moving through the Europe around 5th century. The erroneous identification of the Mazovians and the Mazurians is a subplot, because their geographical regions are often wrongly identified with each other. This mistake, however, is rather a result of written history, than tradition or culture.
Argumenty przemawiające za bóstwem Jezusa Chrystusa w De Trinitate Hilarego z Poitiers
Jaśkiewicz, Grzegorz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article describes the teaching of the first bishop of Poitiers on the divinity of the Son of God from a theological perspective, as described in the Holy Scriptures. His treatise, De Trinitate, has been regarded as the best book which brought calm amidst multiple controversies that arose at the time of the heresy of Arius. St. Hilary underlines that we can testify of God as merely God himself does when teaching that his own Son is begotten and not created. The incarnation of Jesus Christ pays tribute to his divine nature. And He loses nothing with by taking our human nature. Hilary rejects the arguments of Arius, his successors, Sabellius, adoptionism, and Jews. St. Hilary, by his analyses, encourages the faithful to believe more in what is said by the Father and His Son. According to him, the believers can learn the truth about God only from God himself. De Trinitate is a fundamental work against Arianism, and recalls that to obtain eternity one must believe that God raised up his Son Jesus from the dead, and that He himself is the Lord (Rm 10, 6-9).
Globalization, Nationalism, and the Present us Immigration Troubles
Redpath, Peter A. (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article contains analyses of the connection between the modern notion of sovereignty and problems of globalization, nationalism, and immigration. It shows (1) that such an essential connection exists; (2) how complicated is the issue of the relationship of sovereignty to that of political government; (3) that a rush to establish world government in our time is an impossible utopian dream. The article concludes with remarks on policies of the “progressives,” the people who seem to be pushing the US toward formation of a global government today.
Bigamia w polskim prawie karnym
Charko, Dariusz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
Bigamy is a crime threatening the regularity of family functioning, whose basis, due to the cultural tradition and Polish law, makes monogamy marriage. In his article the author presents the origin of the bigamy crime and its statutory hallmarks. It is shown who, in what circumstances, and with fulfilling which conditions, can commit bigamy crime, as well as the statistic depiction of the crime has been presented.
Oddziaływanie i wpływ mediów audiowizualnych. Zarys problematyki
Laskowska, Małgorzata (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article undertakes the topic of audio-visual media influence. As this topic can be analysed in different ways, the authoress limits herself to delivering an outline of the issue. First, such terms as influence, effect, and manipulation are explained. Secondly, the positive and negative effects of audio-visual media influence are presented on the basis of their fundamental functions: informative, educational, and entertaining. Thirdly, the selected theories of mass media influence are presented, as they result from the long-standing empirical research and make an important contribution into the study of media.
Współczesne graffiti – wyzwanie badaczy życia codziennego
Hochleitner, Janusz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The history of ancient and modern graffiti is very similar to artistic activity. Graffiti is always dependent on the time and place, as well as social and intellectual life of the era. It should therefore be seen as an important historical source. Graffiti’s life is short, hence the importance of registrating and descripting its forms so that they can be subject to interpretation in the future. The set of collected graffiti shows the selected card of Polish history with pointing specific facts that inspired the creators of inscriptions.
Przestępstwo pomówienia (zniesławienia) w teorii prawa karnego materialnego
Mrozek, Jacek (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
The article attempts to analyze the crime of slander (defamation) referred by the article 212 of the criminal law. At the beginning the author points out the object of protection against slander which embraces the good name of man, group of people, institutions, legal person or individual having no legal subjectivity. The concept of slander functions in everyday language as a synonym of the false accusation, i.e. the deliberate, false, unsupported attribution of specific, offending behaviour, which in fact did not happen. The slander consists in committing the crime of defamation, thus it has a nature of this crime. Secondly, the author analyses concepts concerning: the entity of an action that is prohibited, the signs identifying a result of causative action, the entity of an executive action, the signs of entity party, threats of punishment and penal measures, the confluence of acts and procedures for law enforcement. In the conclusion the author discusses circumstances excluding criminal responsibility for an accused action.
S. Janina Bosko RM, ks. Jacek Maciej Wojtkowski, Dziedzictwo historycznoartystyczne Archidiecezji Warmińskiej. Zabytki ruchome, Olsztyn 2011, ss. 265, ilustracje.
Kobrzeniecka-Sikorska, Grażyna (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
Developing a Continuum of Experiences for Faith Formation in the Catholic Tradition
O’Shea, Gerard (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2012)
This paper summarizes the contribution of Montessori approaches to religious education, both by Maria Montessori herself and by the more recent work of Sofia Cavalletti, Gianna Gobbi and the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd. It is acknowledged that this work has been pursued primarily in an attempt to match religious experiences with developmental sensitive periods. The question remains, however, of how the needs of those who have missed the ideal moment for the various aspects of their religious development can be accommodated. A case is made for seeing the typical stages of human development described by Montessori as a general sequential process for all learning, including religious. Consequently, the sequence of experiences used in the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd might be able to serve the wider purpose of indicating an appropriate sequence for all religious learning. This paper summarizes the contribution of Montessori approaches to religious education, both by Maria Montessori herself and by the more recent work of Sofia Cavalletti, Gianna Gobbi and the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd. It is acknowledged that this work has been pursued primarily in an attempt to match religious experiences with developmental sensitive periods. The question remains, however, of how the needs of those who have missed the ideal moment for the various aspects of their religious development can be accommodated. A case is made for seeing the typical stages of human development described by Montessori as a general sequential process for all learning, including religious. Consequently, the sequence of experiences used in the Catechesis of the Good Shepherd might be able to serve the wider purpose of indicating an appropriate sequence for all religious learning.

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