Studia Ełckie, 2008, T. 10

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    Obraz Boga w doktrynie Świadków Jehowy
    Uchan, Jacek (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    This article shows the image of God according to Jehovah’s Witnesses doctrine. They believe, that the only real God is Jehovah – Creator of heaven and earth. The basic attributes of Jehovah are: power, wisdom, justice and love. The teaching about Holy Trinity is not biblical, bat is the invention of Satan. They believe that Jesus Christ is not God, but Michael Archangel created by God. Jesus Christ as a perfect man gave ransom for all the people, for they may have an eternal life. Jehovah’s Witnesses believe, that the Holy Spirit is not a person, but only God’s active force. By the Holy Spirit assistance God reaches every point that He wants to go.
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    W kręgu ideologii edukacyjnych
    Skawiński, Ryszard (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Sprawozdanie z sympozjum naukowego o św. Brunonie. Ełk, 25 maja 2007 r.
    Guzewicz, Wojciech (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Duszpasterstwo polskojęzyczne w Niemczech 1945-2005, red. S. Bober, ks. S. Budyn, Lublin–Hannover 2006, ss. 936.
    Guzewicz, Wojciech (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Korzenie i uwarunkowania reform polskiej edukacji w XX wieku
    Skawiński, Ryszard (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Nabożeństwo do Najświętszej Maryi Panny i świętych w kazaniach ks. Kazimierza Hamerszmita
    Brozio, Dariusz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Pozycja organów podatkowych w postępowaniu podatkowym i kontrolnym – wybrane problemy
    Teszner, Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    The tax system in Poland is based on self-calculation, so that’s a direct cause of problems connected with position of the tax authorities in tax and control proceedings. The result of tax authorities fiscal activity, which is concentrated in controlling tax payers, is violation of fundamental tax proceeding’s principles. The pro-fiscal policy of tax authority conducting tax proceedings it’s cause infringement of taxpayer’s rights. The autor gives an examples of undue behaviour which involve a violation of the main principles of tax proceedings. He think, that the tax authority often break a principle of confidence, a principle of objective truth, and a principle of completeness hearing of evidence. In his opinion, this situation is caused by unequal rights between tax authority and tax payers.
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    Z dziejów diecezji ełckiej 1992-2007
    Guzewicz, Wojciech (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Duchowni Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego w duszpasterstwie parafialnym w Nidzicy w latach 1945-1992
    Bielawny, Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
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    Poznawać czy myśleć – spór o rozumienie poznania filozoficznego w świetle studiów Mieczysława A. Krąpca
    Duma, Tomasz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    The article concentrates on the specificity of philosophical cognition. Referring to M. A. Krapiec’s study, the author proves that the process of thinking is not to be necessarily identified with the process of cognition, as in fact the former is merely a secondary phase of the latter. When identified with thinking, the philosophical cognition would undermine the very sense of cognition, which means the understanding of reality. While based on thinking only, the philosophy does not grasp real things, but operates with abstracts of being and being’s representations (concepts). As for the correctness of philosophical thinking the laws of logic, with ensuring non-contradictory operations, are sufficient enough. However, any cognition, which aspires to be a philosophical one, has to come out from really existing beings. In the next phases of cognition, such beings are grasped more and more particularly and precisely – from their transcendental properties and principles, through their structure and categorial properties, until their individual characteristics and actions. The very first act of cognition is directed to real beings, which are immediately grasped in respect of their existence and real essence. The second act of cognition deals with signs. The being’s precedence in human cognition makes the philosophy charged not with a task of thinking about the world, but cognizing and understanding it within possible and verifiable limits. Therefore, according to Krapiec, the very first philosophical discipline is metaphysics, which has got real beings as its object. Thus, the philosophical cognition should preserve its objective character, as it is the only way to guarantee its realism.
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    Rola i miejsce człowieka w ustroju państwowym w świetle katolickiej nauki społecznej okresu międzywojennego
    Mrozek, Jacek Janusz (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    This article presents the matter of the role and place of man in a political system of the state as seen by Catholic social teaching of the interwar period. According to this idea, the state originates from the human nature in which there is an innate tendency to unite with other as society in order to achieve security, peace and development. The state is therefore a command of the natural law which has been grafted in man by God. Whereas every society by operation of the natural law should have authority which would function in a given political system of the state. Regardless of the form of political system, a Christian state should however exist. One can consider a state’s character as a Christian one only if it displays the right attitude towards God’s commandments and commandments of the church, the superiority of moral law over human rights, as well as their predominance in both private and public life. According to many thinkers there was no Christian state in the interwar period. In the said period, the important factor in the failure of materialization of a Catholic state in Poland was the stand-up fight between the political groups invoking Catholicism. As a result, there was no coherent perspective on socio-political and economic transformation. This was the reason for the discouragement on the part of many enlightened Catholics from being active in public life which tended to attract unscrupulous people.
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    „Pętelka historii i guzik teraźniejszości” czyli o samotności, lęku i środkowoeuropejskim istnieniu w prozie Andrzeja Stasiuka
    Frankowiak, Anita (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    Andrzej Stasiuk is one of the most successful and internationally acclaimed contemporary Polish writer and literary critics. He is the best known for his essays and stories describes the reality of Eastern Europe. Stasiuk with the Ukrainian writer Yuri Andrukovych wrote two essays: „My Europe. Two essays on the Europe called “Central”. The article presents hard concept of philosophical context of his works. First of all – writer talks about private, European, historical memory. He knows that new historical’s dialogue about different culture isn’t possible to built without “myth of genesis”. Stasiuk hasn’t coherent, homogeneous vision of Central and Eastern Europe. The truth about European live, fears, problems is close in small, local community. The province is a heart of the matter “small motherland”. There are true dramatic situations. The vision of United Europe isn’t optimistic.
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    Polityka jurysdykcyjna Unii Europejskiej. Europejski Tytuł Egzekucyjny dla roszczeń bezspornych
    Akińcza, Jerzy (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    EU should not be treated as purely economic formation. Realization of each European Union Inhabitant’s interests is an essential constituent of the EU politics. These activities, especially those related to the law rights protection, are realized within long-term politics. It is consistent with the idea of civil case, its definition and its use in accordance with the purpose of proclaiming the law instrument like European writ of execution. European execution title should be treated as an essential constituent of European Union jurisdiction policy. Its essence makes each EU inhabitant’s law protection much faster and less formal. The writing itself attempts to make European writ of execution better known, hence the historical background.
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    Literatura pogranicza wobec wyzwań współczesnego literaturoznawstwa
    Szydłowska, Joanna (Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, 2008)
    The author of the article concentrates her interests on the concept of "literature of borderland". She presents the review of the definitions, researches semantic content of the term, looks at the literature of borderland in temporal perspective (an attractiveness of the borderland in the humanistic discurs after 1989). She also mentions chosen methodological proposals of literary studies which are oriented to up-to-date defined subject of the research- the literature of borderland. According to the author, the most important feature of the literature of borderland is a conceptualisation of the issue of the borderland as a space/situation of neighbourhood and a cultural exchange. The literature of borderland implicates the fact of language ambivalence and a presence of the Others in the literature.
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