The Biblical Annals, 2021, T. 11, nr 4

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    “Baptism of Repentance for the Remission of Sins”. Mark 1:4 in Its Context
    Malina, Artur (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2021)
    The titular term commonly refers to the baptism administered by John. In the other earliest sources, forgiveness of sins is not closely linked to washing with water performed by him, as the description of the Baptist’s appearance in the Gospel of Mark seems to suggest. The analysis of the verse marked in the title leads to the conclusion that Mark characterizes John’s appearance by two conjoined activities: baptizing and preaching which are expressed by the participles βαπτίζων and κηρύσσων. The first one allows for diagnosing the state of relations between humans and God. This diagnosis is expressed through the confession of their sins. The second one announces to them a therapy appro priate to the position they have identified. This therapy is supposed to be the baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins preached by John, equating with the future baptism in the Holy Spirit.
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    Caleb, Son of Jephunneh - As an Example of Fidelity to God. An Exegetical Study of Sir 46:7-10
    Pudełko, Judyta Jolanta (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2021)
    Caleb is a secondary character in several episodes of the Exodus as well as the conquest of the Promised Land (Num 13–14; Josh 14:6-14). Praise of the Ancestors (Sir 44–49) contains a presentation of the biblical history of ancient Israel as the history of the covenant and a place of God’s intervention. According to his own criteria, Sirach presents the most relevant and positive characters in this history. In Sirach’s description (46:7-10), Caleb is a faithful scout, who, together with Joshua, faced with the rebellion of the Israelites, bears witness to an exemplary trust in God and encourages the Israelites to follow his lead. His courage and faithfulness are rewarded by receiving an inheritance of some ground in the Promised Land, which then becomes the property of his offspring. In the brief account of Sirach, Caleb is a timeless example of a faithful man – one who lives according to the word of God and encourages others to take up this challenge.