Polonia Sacra, 2013, R. 17 (35), Nr 32 (76)

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    Początki życia ludzkiego w komentarzach patrystycznych
    Sala, Roman (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II, 2013)
    The article “The Origins of the Human Life in Patristic Comments” tries to show the richness of thoughts and ideas presented by various writers in the early times of Christianity. Their views dealt with the prenatal stadium of a human being. Among main matters concerning the beginning of the human life analyzed by first Christian writers were: time of animation (the moment of union of the body and soul), abortion, the status of the human embryo, pre-existence of the soul referring to the belief that each individual human soul exists before conception, the origin of the soul. Among these issues, very present and lively discussed in the communities of early Christians, we can also find the reflection concerning the embryonic stages of Christ’s life.
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    Początkowe stadia życia ludzkiego według św. Pawła
    Muszala, Andrzej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II, 2013)
    The article makes an attempt to decode the concept of the human conception in the mothers womb represented by the Apostle of Nations. His opinion in this issue is based on two fragments from the Old Testament: Jb 10: 8–10 and Ps 139: 13–16. They represent the one seed theory, saying that a new man is formed only from the man’s seed; the role of the mother comes down to be a container receiving male semen. They also express a conviction, that every human life is under God’s special protection from the very beginning. Therefore it demands a total respect, the same respect as for a child already born. The article analyze also three expressions of embryological meaning, used by St. Paul: “from the mother’s womb” (ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός; Ga 1: 15), “Christ is formed in you” (μορφωθῇ; Ga 4: 19) and “child born abnormally” (ἔκτρωμα; 1 Kor 15: 8).
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    Zagadnienie nawrócenia i pokuty w dziełach Sulpicjusza Sewera
    Pochwat, Józef (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Papieskiego Jana Pawła II, 2013)
    In his writings, Sulpicius Severus (360–420) urged his readers to repentance, so they would not expose themselves to eternal damnation, and therefore not remain in a state of slavery in this life. When a lawyer from Bordeaux encourages penance, He pays special attention to the fact that sin calls for the right punishment. Despite this, Sulpicius is a man full of Christian optimism and he emphasizes mercy that God only offers to those people who admit their sins and undertake an appropriate penance. A striking feature of the Sulpicius message on conversion and penance is that a monk of Aquitaine continually shows the figure of St. Martin. Although he writes that the miracles of driving out demons are performed by the power of the cross of Christ, and that repentance is the work of Jesus’ grace and steadfast faith and trust in God’s help, it seems that for him the person of St. Martin is in the first place, not the Son of God Jesus Christ.