Communio, 2011, R. 31, nr 3 (175)

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    Narodziny chrześcijaństwa w judaizmie
    Klinkowski, Jan (Wydawnictwo Pallottinum, 2011)
    Cultural changes, as well as confrontation with polytheism of The Greeks and Romans, caused numerous ways of interpreting the Torah within the Jewish society living in the times before and after Christ. The Pharisees were attempting to adjust the Torah to everyday life by introducing more and more meticulous regulation The Sadducees were trying to concentrate on a literal interpretation of the Torah as well as on asking for God’s mercy through liturgy at the Jerusalem Temple. The Essenes were attempting to read God’s will by meditating on the religious writings. The Zealots tried to purify the Holy Land from the influence of pagan culture and religion, so that it would hasten the coming of the Messiah. The Herodians believed that they could reconcile Roman cooperation with a religion based on the Torah. These were the conditions in which Christianity was bom, saying that Jesus was the Messiah they expected The Son of God. This conflict was unavoidable, none of the trends of Judaism accepted the proclamation of Jesus’ godliness. The paths of Judaism and Christianity were becoming divergent. In the year 49A.D, on the Apostle’s meeting in Jerusalem, the Christian community opened up for pagans, rejecting the need to be circumcised and to abide by the rules of ritual chastity. In the 80s A.D, during the Council of Jamnia, the official Judaism circle excluded Christians from the synagogue community, and hereby, out of a pluralist Judaism, comes the religion of Christianity.