Analecta Cracoviensia, 2015, T. 47
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Pozycja In gratitude to pope emeritus Benedict XVI during the 618th academy year at the universitySzczurek, Jan Daniel (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2015)Pozycja The cognitive sciences and their method: a physicist’s perspectiveGrygiel, Wojciech Piotr (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2015)The contemporary research in neurobiology heavily rests on the application of complex experimental techniques. The primary aim is to determine the neuronal correlates of various mental phenomena such as abstract thinking, consciousness, free will etc. The application of the contemporary research in neurobiology to understand the nature and the function of the brain is currently having a strong impact on the classical philosophical discourse carried out in area of the philosophy of mind. In this article, a short analysis of one of the most widely used techniques in the neurobiological research is presented, namely, the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The particular emphasis is to point out to the conceptual difficulties that arise between the language used at the experimental level (spins, molecules) and how this language might acquire its meaning to eventually refer to the mental phenomena represented by appropriate neuronal structures revealed in the experiment. The apparent disunity will be most likely remedied as a more unified theory relating mental phenomena to the specificity of the most fundamental level of the physical reality becomes available.Pozycja Towards hermeneutics of substantial change. Between conciliar continuity and tendency to breakNapiórkowski, Andrzej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2015)In the interpretation of Revelation, as well as, documents of the Magisterium of the post-conciliar Catholic theology, strong tensions and differences have been exposed. They are a consequence of various hermeneutics. Each of the sides claims the right to define “a reform”. However, a careful and critical analysis of the three functioning types of hermeneutics (of absolute continuity, of a break, and of absolute fidelity to the tradition) is not fully satisfactory. In its external form of expression the symbols and dogmas of faith are historical, so with the flow of history they become anachronistic, despite the fact that the essence (the core) of the doctrine is not changed, because it comes from the Divine Revelation and is a subject of personal experience of the faithful. Therefore, a fundamental basis of faith lies in the event of Revelation, namely, the self-giving of the Triune God. Hence the Revelation must be understood not as a statement of truth, but as an event of truth. It is about personal experience of the Resurrected, and not just knowledge or information about Him. Therefore, the language and the manner of communication must be constantly verified and contemporized. While the truth is always not completely grasped. This is why the presented article is a small contribution in developing a fourth type of hermeneutics – a hermeneutics of substantial change, which though would allow to break the continuity at some points, nevertheless would not destroy the identity of faith.