Roczniki Filozoficzne, 1993, T. 41, z. 2
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Pozycja Chrześcijańskie widzenie cnotyHauerwas, Stanley; Pinches, Charles (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 1993)We begin the article by criticizing views of the moral life which depend on the existence of a special sphere of moral obligation. As Christian theologians, we admit our preference for virtue thinking, for it considers not only what we do but who we are. Nonetheless, while virtue thinking is gaining popularity among Anglo-American philosophers, we have doubts about whether its proponents recognize that virtues make sense only when imbedded in particular historical communities. The philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre understands this, but as John Milbank’s criticisms reveal, his thought ultimately is more firmly rooted in Greek theories of virtue than in Christian beliefs, particularly those articulated by Aquinas regarding the centrality of charity, and its implications for Christian peacemaking.Pozycja Integracja Europy a problem zagrożenia wartości chrześcijańskichGrześkowiak, Alicja (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 1993)The tendencies for the integration of Europe have recently gained momentum. On the other hand there are strong action which impede these efforts or even make them impossible. The European experience points out that such an integration is possible only then when the European community is united around the values, which have grown out of Christianity, which are a common beritage of the believers and nonbelievers alike. These values have decided about the spiritual and cultural unity of Europe. Two great traditions of West and East make this unity. United Europe is also a Europe of Fatherlands which make it, and not just Europe-Fatherland. Each state has its own identity which makes its welfare, and Europe under unification cannot negate it. When one renunciates universal values, the identity of particular states, introduces the principles of moral relativism and „privatization” of morality as a criterium of the integration of Europe, then this process is doomed to fail. Some tragic events, which we are now witnessing, in Europe are a painful evidence.Pozycja Wartości chrześcijańskie (uwagi amatora)Bronk, Andrzej (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, 1993)Since the concept of value was introduced in XVIII c. in economics it made a rapid career in other social sciences, philosophy, religion and everyday life too. Nowadays, it is used as a popular and fashionable word in many possible meanings probably filling some semantic vacuum. There is no clear, exact and commonly accepted definition of values and none of the philosophical − objective or subjective − theories of values is free from objections. The concept of Christian values inherits in present political and constitutional discussions in Poland all the vagueness and ambiguity of values themselves. The paper tries to clarify the general meaning of value in its philosophical history (Begriffsgeschichte) and to explain its ontological and epistemological status. By Aristotelian-Thomist philosophy values do not have their own existence but are attributes (modi essendi) of objective things. This holds somehow for Christian values too. The discussions upon the rational justification of the normativeness of Christian values have to include their embedment in Christian culture. Trying to identify and characterize the Christian values one has first to look at their genesis: the New Testament, Christian tradition and the religious behavior of the Christian believers themselves.