Studia Bydgoskie, 2015, Tom 9

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    Akt wiary jako adekwatna odpowiedź na wyzwania demitologizacji religii według Leszka Kołakowskiego
    Chrostowski, Marcin (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2015)
    The article deals with the Leszek Kołakowski’s assessment of demythologization of religion with its fundamental presumption of separation between the “empirical” and “mythological” aspects of reality. The paper begins with a quote from Kołakowski’s essay Jezus ośmieszony. Esej apologetyczny i sceptyczny (The Ridiculed Jesus – An Apologetic and Sceptical Essay), in which he asserts that it is only through acts of faith that one can participate in the realm of sacrum in the world, where the loss of religious heritage is increasingly manifested. The loss also results from the demythologization of Christian religion and the Revelation, a process based on the presumed separation between the “empirical” and the “mythological”. Kołakowski claims that such a radical separation is impossible and actually unnecessary since both make up its unity. He insists on adopting a global view of religion and history, which is possible through an act of faith that simplifies an interpretation of reality as an organized harmony. The act of faith with its coherent view of reality seems the best response to the challenges of demythologization.
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    Przyczyny starotestamentalnego osądu bogaczy
    Ćwikła, Jarosław (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2015)
    The Old Testament sharply criticized rich people. It was the rich who regularly broke the basic rules of social life, namely the principle of social equality, the principle of Israel’s classless society and numerous laws protecting the poor, widows and orphans. As a consequence, their actions compromised the foundations of God’s Covenant with Israel and, what is more, led to its breakdown. If it had not been for the determined and highly critical attitude of the Prophets, the well-off would have certainly fulfilled their intention. This article examines the social sins of the rich and the Prophets’ determined attitude towards those sins. For the sake of clarity the paper is divided into three parts. The first presents rich people’s sins against the principle of social equality, the second – those against Israel’s classless society, and the third – sins against the poor, widows and orphans.
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    Struktura i styl Księgi Estery. Przyczynek do tematu
    Grys, Łukasz (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2015)
    This article deals with identification of the literary structure of the Book of Esther. This task is not simple due to the coexistence of two language versions of the book and three versions of the text (Masoretic, LXX and Alpha). Another problem is posed by the Greek additions and their place in the Book. Despite the hindrances, the paper offers the following suggestions regarding the literary structure. This begins with a presentation of Michael Fox’s theory, the key idea of which is the term ﬠמ:וםתּח (mišteh) denoting feasting. Fox claims that the structure of the Book is based on information about 10 feasts. Moreover, he notes that the entire composition forms a logical whole as it has an introduction, a development and a conclusion. Frederic Bush suggested recreating the structure of the Book based on the key elements of the narrative, which he respectively called: introduction, problem, resolution, final solution and conclusion. Jon Douglas Levenson suggested interpretation of the Book as a concentric composition, that is as one containing a climax with all preceding events leading to it. Levenson remarks that the climax is made up of the events described in chapter six. Another suggestion focuses on the expression נןהפושך השא (nahăpôk hû). According to this theory, every significant event of the first part is mirrored in a parallel event in the second one. What has also been discovered is the role of the core נפל denoting collapse. Finally, there is a description of the style of the book.