Studia Bydgoskie, 2013, Tom 7

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Warsztat kaznodziejski Pana Jezusa wzorem dla seminaryjnego wychowawcy
Wasilewski, Edward (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
We live in a generation that has depreciated the authority of educators and their role in social life. Unfortunately, this negative trend also concerns the seminary community. Learning to be a good educator requires a proper interpretation of Jesus’ preaching methods. Imitating the Master of Nazareth may shape an educator that will not only be a teacher and a pedagogue, but also a master. In the pedagogical perspective, the Gospel remains the best treaty on education that people have. The preaching methods employed by Jesus reveal several features of a good educator. Thus, in order to perform their duties well, seminary teachers should be reliable and determined, love and trust their students, and speak well about others. Such educators should never resort to fear; instead, they ought to be able to praise and reprimand, be open to people causing trouble and introduce others into the world of freedom. Good teachers guarantee that their well-educated, mature students will in the future become good educators themselves. At present, the world needs great educators. There is often a shortage of those at home and in school; therefore, they should also be present in the seminary as well. Good educators, or evangelical educators, are concerned and can feel the pain of an unfulfilled seminary community resulting from the immaturity of its students.
Podstawy i wyzwania dialogu międzyreligijnego. Relacja z II Sympozjum Misyjnego
Walkusz, Marek (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Pawłowa relektura Rdz 1,1 w hymnie chrystologicznym Kol 1,15–20
Sztuk, Dariusz (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Paul’s Christological reflection in the hymns throughout his epistles abounds in a variety of references which, according to exegetes, point to Hellenistic thought or the theological reflection of Judaism. The hymn of Col 1:15–20, whose first verse refers to the act of Creation, presents a Pauline re-reading of Gen 1:1. This is a specific re-reading, conducted in the light of other Old Testament texts. The author of the paper notices that the Apostle, while thoroughly reading the account of the Creation in Gen 1:1 and with the help of Deutero-Isaiah and the texts on Wisdom, underlines the role of the Word of God in the act of the Creation; this is manifested in Paul’s formula ἐν Χριστῷ. The action of the Word of God is emphasized in Is 42:5–9, 44:24–28 and in the Psalms (Ps 33 and Ps 147:15–18). A particular attention should be paid to Ps 33 which, as a reinterpretation of Gen 1:1 within the Old Testament, might have influenced the Apostle’s statement in Col 1:15-16. However, Paul’s thought goes even further and although the Old Testament texts quoted in the article contain hardly any personification, the prepositional phrases: ἐν Χριστῷ, δι’ αὐτοῦ ἐις Χριστόν in Col 1:16 refer to a person and indicate Jesus, the Son sent by the Father to save the world, with other fragments in the hymn stressing the ontological dependence of the entire world upon Christ.
Udział środowisk wychowawczych w procesie samowychowania
Szewczykowski, Marek (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Self-development becomes a prerequisite for the growth of an entire society as by developing ourselves and attaining increasingly high levels we contribute to the transformation and improvement of the world. Social development is possible only through the development of individuals. A primary role in encouraging self-development is performed by the family, and then by peers, teachers, priests and educators. Their principal task is to stimulate young people’s cognitive curiosity, help them discover their individual potential, and provide constant assistance and support. It should be remembered that shaping own personality is every Christian’s duty. The issues presented in the article demonstrate the significant role of selfdevelopment in individual and social life. The problem does not often receive enough attention. Discussions on various forms of human activity frequently overlook the conditions and influence of environments shaping people’s lives and development. Also noticeable is the shortage of complete information on educational attempts aimed at encouraging people to undertake conscious efforts to work on their personalities. Hardly ever can we find references to the shaping of people’s will, their aspirations and outlook on values. And even if we do, those are not the subject matter of serious studies.
Przesłanki psychologiczne i psychiatryczne w procesach o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa
Kordyjak-Starczewska, Ewa (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The article presents psychological and psychiatric reasons in marriage annulment cases based on Canon 1095 nos. 1–3 of the Code of Canon Law. The legal and psychiatric opinions issued in marriage annulment cases in the Bishop’s Law Court of the Diocese of Pelplin in 1998–2008 were subject to statistical analysis. The reasons which may lead to nullity of marriage in the Code of Canon Law include both mental illnesses and psychical disorders such as personality disorders, addictions and intellectual disability. The most frequent impediment in canonical court rulings is not a mental illness but the immature personality disorder. A significant issue in the legal and psychiatric opinion process is the qualifications of judicial experts and their familiarity with canonical court rulings, especially those of the Roman Rota Tribunal, on the nullification of marriage resulting primarily from psychical disorders. Since the language of the Code of Canon Law and the Dignitas Connubii Instruction differs considerably from that used in psychiatry, it may be difficult to find a basis for consent and mutual understanding between a Bishop’s Law Court judge and a judicial expert on psychiatry. Consequently, such a judge should also have at least a basic knowledge of psychopathology. Therefore, it is vital that a judicial expert’s conclusions in the final opinion should be clear, precise, logical and presented in a way intelligible to an outsider.
Teologicznomoralne implikacje sprzeciwu sumienia. Sprawozdanie z ogólnopolskiego spotkania naukowego Stowarzyszenia Teologów Moralistów, które odbyło się w dniach 9–11 czerwca 2013 r. w Zakopanem
Smykowski, Krzysztof (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Władysław Sinkiewicz, Małgorzata Krajnik i Rafał Grabowski (red.), Dylematy etyczne końca życia – problem uporczywej terapii. Wydawnictwo: Bydgoska Izba Lekarska. Komisja Bioetyczna, Bydgoszcz 2013, ss. 147.
Ossowski, Roman (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Obchody Millennium Chrztu Polski w 1966 r. w Bydgoszczy
Pomin, Jan (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The principal celebrations of the 1000th anniversary of Christianity in Poland took place in the Archdiocese of Gniezno and several major towns located in the area including Bydgoszcz. Situated within the archdiocese, the city ranked among the largest ones then at that time was larger than Gniezno itself. Following the spectacular millennium celebration in Gniezno, festivals were held in all parishes of the archdiocese. Bydgoszcz stood out for its size and number of parishes within the city; therefore, it was distinguished with the participation of almost all members of the contemporary episcopate headed by Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, Primate of Poland, himself. Furthermore, the celebration events included the crowning of a painting of the Madonna entitled the Holy Virgin of Beautiful Love, located in the main altarpiece, which was the object of worship of numerous faithful residents of Bydgoszcz. The Gothic church itself stands in the city centre just a few steps away from the Old Market Square. Since the Diocese of Bydgoszcz was established, the church has housed the cathedral of the Bishop of Bydgoszcz.
Wyprali swoje szaty i wybielili je we krwi Baranka (Ap 7, 14). Chrzest według Apokalipsy św. Jana
Podeszwa, Paweł (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The Apocalypse originated in the Church and for the Church. Therefore, one of the fundamental themes of the Book is ecclesiology and an attempt to characterise the community of the Church in its diverse dimensions. An in-depth insight into the Apocalypse allows us to notice that an essential element of understanding the Church is its perception as a liturgical community. Thus the liturgy becomes a privileged place for meeting first and foremost the Resurrected Christ, who is adored and professed as the victorious Passover Lamb. It is in the liturgy that community members proclaim and confess their faith in Christ’s victory over sin, evil and the Satan. All that found its historic fulfillment in the Passover mystery of Christ’s death and resurrection, and is present in sacraments, in particular the sacraments of baptism and the Eucharist. The article aims to pinpoint and discuss possible references to the sacrament of holy baptism, which provides introduction into the Christian faith and unites those who believe in Jesus. We mean possible allusions only as nowhere in the Book do we find a direct mention of the sacrament of baptism. The verb βαπτίζω is not to be found. Nouns such as βάπτσμα, βαπτισμός which denote baptism, are also missing. However, the subject of baptism is present in the Book. The Apocalypse brings it up in a figurative way by indicating it with the help of a symbolic language characteristic of the biblical book. In particular, two references seem to be of primary significance: placing the seal of God on the foreheads of his servants (7:3) and they washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb (7:14). Those fragments reveal references to the form of baptism practiced in the ancient Church and, at the same time, express the profound meaning of the sacramental act. Both possible baptismal allusions are found in the vision contained in chapter 7 and provide an answer to the question: For the great day of his wrath has come, and who is able to survive? (6:17). The survivors are first and foremost those with the seal of God on their foreheads (7:2-4). The seal is a symbol of baptism and signifies principally the fact of belonging to God and the Lamb, and admission into the Church community. Thus, the baptised (the sealed) enjoy God’s special care. The seal is the indelible spiritual mark (character), which no sin can erase (CCC 1272). Another baptismal metaphor in 7:14 points to baptism as a sacramental absolution of sins (washing robes) and incorporation into the Passover mystery of Jesus (they made their robes white in the blood of the Lamb), which puts the lives of the baptised on the path towards resurrection. Baptism perceived in this manner also allows the faithful to make spiritual sacrifices to God, thus providing a share in the common priesthood of all believers. (CCC 1268).
Dialog chrześcijaństwa z islamem
Piwko, Aldona Maria (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Launching and maintaining a dialogue with non-Christian religions, especially Islam, is one of the principal tasks in inter-faith relations determined by the Magisterium of the Catholic Church. The common ground for dialogue was determined by the activities of popes, especially in the 20th century, and recorded in documents. However, it is not only written sources that are indicative of the direction of the dialogue. Encounters between Christians and Muslims have enjoyed a continuous history since the early days of Islam. Although the relations have not always been proper, and still have room for improvement in many parts of the world, the Church – and that means the entire community of the faithful – undertakes the effort to maintain a dialogue, which appears to be the only path for peace. Also noteworthy are various non-Christian efforts aimed at dialogue. Many parts of the world, including Poland, bear witness to Muslim initiatives promoting the idea of dialogue between Christianity and Islam.
Seminaria w Castel Gandolfo. Nauka a wiara
Jacyna-Onyszkiewicz, Zbigniew (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The article presents the origins, history and subject matter of twelve interdisciplinary research seminars collectively titled Science – Religion – History, which were held in Castel Gandolfo in the presence of John Paul II from 1980 to 2003. It also contains quotations of the Holy Father referring to those seminars and a discussion of selected aspects of the relationship between science and religion.
Wspólnota Kościoła jako przestrzeń dla dialogu edukacyjnego
Okońska, Elżbieta (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The article briefly refers to the following categories: the concept of sui generis community, the Church as a community regarded through the prism of brotherhood in a spirit of dialogue and the Church as a communicative community. A dialogue-oriented approach to community allows maintaining a harmony between the individual person and the community without axiological losses to either side. In a sense the community aggregates the personal values of its members and transforms them; as a consequence, the person benefits from the community which in turn is built from individuals. The theology of dialogue links both entities according to the principle of openness to the other and readiness to accept a challenge, which is included in an encounter that creates space for educational dialogue. This results from the fact that the most fundamental and constitutive relation for a person is the relation and communion of people, which means being in mutual ‘for’ and existing in a relation of reciprocal gift.
Dialog chrześcijańsko-żydowski w Kościele katolickim. 50 lat po Soborze Watykańskim II
Muszyński, Henryk J. (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
Soon the year 2015 will witness the 50th anniversary of the Nostra Aetate Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions of the Second Vatican Council. The document marked a turning point in long-standing mutual Christian and Jewish relations and its importance is comparable to the “Copernican Revolution”. The article contains an extended version of a lecture prepared at a request of the Society for Christian-Jewish Cooperation (Gesellschaft für Christlich-Jüdische Zusammenarbeit) based in Görlitz, Germany. The article first presents the historical conditions and significance of the document mentioned above, and goes on to illustrate the further development of Catholic-Judaistic and Christian-Jewish dialogue through successive official documents of the Catholic Church. A good opportunity to sum up the state of the dialogue was provided by the 40th anniversary of the above mentioned declaration. Everything that was said at that time still retains its significance and only needs to be complemented by a reference to the pontificate of Pope Francis. Undoubtedly, on the part of the Catholic Church the greatest contribution to the development of Catholic-Jewish relations came from the Popes John XXIII, Paul VI, John Paul II and Benedict XVI. Pope John XXIII was responsible for a major reversal in reference to the Jews and paved a new way for in the dialogue with Judaism. The Nostra Aetate Declaration was passed during the pontificate of Paul VI. The pope personally interfered in the document drafting process several times and had a major contribution to the final shape and content. John Paul II’s pontificate marked a breakthrough both in Christian-Jewish relations and with reference to the Israeli nation and state. The gestures and events of that pontificate were not only groundbreaking and revolutionary, but also unique in the hitherto history of the Catholic Church. They include the first visit to a Rome synagogue on 13 April 1986; the prayer for the Jews at the Western Wall of the Temple Mount; the visit to Yad Vashem; and recognition of the state of Israel. Those acts were complemented by the teachings of John Paul II and his numerous meetings with representatives of Jewish communities. The teachings comprise a total of about 2,000 speeches and statements. John Paul II’s stand was greatly influenced by his personal relations with Jews before World War II, the experience of the Jewish extermination, and the proximity of concentration camps and annihilation during the period of Nazi Germany. The pope’s contribution to the development of Christian-Jewish relations had a milestone significance and cannot be overestimated. Throughout his pontificate, Pope Benedict XVI continued and developed the work of John Paul II with enormous zest and dedication. He paid special attention to the Christian-Jewish and Catholic-Judaistic dialogue in both the doctrinal and institutional dimensions. Highly meaningful were various acts and words of Benedict XVI as a German pope including his speech at the Reichstag in Berlin; his visit and prayer in Auschwitz; and his pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Like John Paul II, Benedict XVI survived the Nazi period and witnessed the Jewish extermination in the Third Reich territory. The article was originally addressed to a German audience. Therefore, its final section contains important information on mutual Polish-Jewish relations and the development of Catholic-Judaistic and Christian-Jewish dialogue in Poland. In light of its specific historical conditions, the information related to the dialogue is significant not only to the Poles and Jews, but to the Germans and others as well.
Poglądy studentów na wartości. Komunikat z badań
Lewicka, Monika (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The article discusses the problem of values. The issue is particularly important in a period of significant social change taking place at a previously unimaginable pace. Some argue that we are dealing with a crisis of values, leading to their relativism, total rejection of higher values and dedication to lower values (such as consumerism and selfishness). Others maintain that what we are witnessing is not a crisis of values, but only their metamorphosis, the disappearance of some, and the emergence of others. The article presents the results of research related to that particular issue. They represent the views of students, a social group that will shape our society to a large extent. The study involved first- and third-year students attending full-time courses in Bydgoszcz colleges. The article demonstrates the results of research on issues such as understanding values and factors determining the choice of specific values. It also attempts to answer the question of hierarchy of values in human life. The studies included selected socio-demographic variables such as sex, place of residence, parents’ education, financial situation, marital status, religion and the intensity of religious practice.
Prymat Boga w teologii liturgii Josepha Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI
Rawicz-Kostro, Karol (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The justification of liturgical practice through reference first and foremost to its theology constituted the basis for Pope Benedict XVI’s research and ministry for many years. The demonstration of the primacy of God cooperating with man in the liturgical process opens up a perspective for the Church’s return to the sources (recursus ad fontes) advocated by the Second Vatican Council. By providing answers, a celebration participant joins in a dialogue between God and His creation. As a consequence, the liturgy becomes universal (Catholic) since it corresponds with the inner life of the Church animated by God’s Spirit. Hence the vital role of liturgical catechesis, greatly promulgated by Benedict XVI, in the process of experiencing worship. With its origins in chapter 12 of the Epistle to the Romans, the concept of ‘reasonable service to God’ confirms the thought developed by Joseph Ratzinger, which perceives the liturgy as the work of God since nothing is to be preferred to the Work of God (St Benedict of Nursia).
Relacyjny i ekstatyczny charakter osoby ludzkiej w teologii Wacława Hryniewicza
Kiejkowski, Paweł (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The ontology of the human person ranks among the most fundamental issues in theological anthropology. Wacław Hryniewicz, one of the most significant and original contemporary Polish theologians, stresses that understanding the person is key to the entire theology of the Christian mystery. The Christian ontology of the person becomes evident primarily through the Trinitarian and Christological dogma. It is this perspective that reveals God’s intended original truth about the human person – created in the image and likeness of God, open to God (capax Dei), and called to communion with Him and with people. The essential dimensions of the human person include its epicletic dimension, ethical rootedness and reference to the truth, goodness and beauty. Man is endowed with a mind, a will and emotions. He has been created free and called to freedom. He finds fulfillment in love. The most significant dimensions of the human person include its relation-oriented and ecstatic dimensions.
Nadzór i wsparcie pedagogiczne w katechezie
Gogolik, Mirosław (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
One of the most significant challenges in the cotemporary pastoral activities of the Catholic Church is catechetical service, both in the parish and school. The return of Catholic education to Polish schools has restored harmony to the socio-educational system, the integrity of which should include religion courses. The new experience, related to the presence of religion and catechesis in school, contributes to the discussion on the chances and threats of religious education. Catechetical service at school must conform to the school’s customs and regulations, which involves first and foremost the responsibilities of a teacher and thus a religion teacher as well. It should be noted that the awareness of responsibility before God and conscientiousness towards people may constitute a motivating factor here. The organization of religious education in school also requires religion teachers to comply with the standards of educational supervision; conduct mid-term and end-term evaluation of students; work with children and teenagers within school; and co-operate with their parents. The contemporary school, including its catechetical service, sets new requirements and tasks for religion teachers, both secular and clerical ones. At the same time, wherever possible it also provides means and instruments to fulfill those tasks, with a significant role of well planned and conducted educational supervision and methodical counseling.
Terminologia bogactwa w Piśmie Świętym oraz literaturze greckiej i hellenistycznej
Ćwikła, Jarosław (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The issue of wealth is a recurrent motif both in the Scriptures and in Greek and Hellenistic literature. To denote wealth, the biblical authors used the Hebrew terms kābôd, ‘ošer, hāmôn, haîl and hôn. They also applied the Greek nouns ploutos, chrêma, perisseía, mamonãs and timiótes. By contrast, Greek and Hellenistic authors stuck to the words ploutos and chrema while referring to wealth. This article offers an analysis of all those terms. Its first part discusses the terms used in the Hebrew Bible (1); the second – those found in the Septuagint (2); the third – the words used in Greek and Hellenistic literature (3); and the fourth – the vocabulary of the New Testament.
Sumienie w zawodzie lekarza
Chudzińska, Małgorzata (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)
The medical profession is one of the few occupations where, in addition to skills and competence, special attention is paid to ethical attitudes. The internal morality of the medical profession, rooted in the origins of medicine, remains relevant in modern times, despite the advancement of medical science. Therefore, apart from applying appropriate procedures and medical knowledge, physicians should also follow the voice of conscience while performing their duties. As a result of the development of the patient autonomy principle and the process of replacing the paternalistic approach with a new contract-based model of the patient-doctor relationship, where certain medical services require further legal authorization, any reflections on the physician’s conscience have been pushed into the background. This is because, as some people claim, the physician’s conscience may significantly affect the patient’s right to desired services within health care. Therefore, it is vital to maintain the harmonious coexistence of both the patient’s autonomy and the physician’s autonomy. The conduct of medical personnel in compliance with judgements of conscience, based on universal and fundamental truths, truly benefits the patient. The adoption of the same universal values in medical practice by each side is a potential solution to the problem.
Spis prac magisterskich obronionych w Wydziale Teologicznym Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu przez studentów Sekcji Bydgoskiej w latach 2008–2013
Bielawska, Grażyna (Prymasowski Instytut Kultury Chrześcijańskiej im. Stefana Kard. Wyszyńskiego w Bydgoszczy, 2013)

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