Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny, 2006, Tom 59, nr 4

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    Hellenistyczna reforma i prześladowanie religijne w Judei za czasów Antiocha IV Epifanesa – przegląd najważniejszych hipotez
    Marciak, Michał (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2006)
    This article presents a short review of the most important theories dealing with the causes of Antiochus IV’s persecution of Jewish religious tradition. In my opinion the uniqueness of this phenomenon hasn’t been fully realised in Polish research. This is because the problem has been associated with and perceived by forthcoming religious conflicts and wars and because of this association, the causes of the religious persecution of Antiochus IV have not seemed unusual. Nevertheless Antiochus’s persecution poses a difficulty from the historical point of view because of the fact it was fully contrary to the ideological, religious, social and political principles of the Hellenistic world, if not of the Ancient Near East and Roman Civilizations as well. First the article outlines and critiques the older attempts to explain the problem – the theory which connected the cause with the mental illness of the Seleucid king, the assumption that the king or his supporters were motivated by a love of Greek culture, the postulation that the king tried to unify his kingdom under one religion or culture. Secondly the article outlines the major thesis of such eminent scholars as E. Bickermann, M. Hengel, V. Tcherikover, J. A. Goldstein, K. Bringmann, and E. S. Gruen. Although single and isolated propositions haven’t seemed to explain the problem in full, first we may notice that they bring us understanding of some details of the case and there is easily recognised the tendency moving the plane of discussion from ideological and psychological to economic, sociological and political explanations of the events in Judea. If we also tend to see religious motivations they are closely bound up with the previous planes. Though we seem to be nowadays closer to solving the problem we must admit that “the basic and sole enigma in the history of Seleucid Jerusalem” (E. Bickermann) requires further research.
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    Znaczenie i ranga obchodzenia rocznicy poświęcenia kościoła w dniu dedykacji
    Kluwak, Marek (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2006)
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    Formuła konsekracji eucharystycznej – zapowiedź czy anamneza?
    Gryziec, Piotr Roman (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2006)
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    Konotacje starotestamentalnej idei Reszty Izraela w odniesieniu do Kościoła z Ewangelii według świętego Mateusza
    Adamczyk, Dariusz (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2006)
    The idea of The Rest of Israel contained in Old Testament unites with the idea of the judgment and punishment. However thanks to God’s mercy there takes place the conversion, which should lead to the constitution of The Holy Rest. This idea speaks about the Righteous, who will survive Jehovah’s punishment, that means who will accept the religious attitude towards Messiah. This new population will not be connected with the society of one nation only. It will be the New Israel, in the qualitative regard to the eschatological society, living in friendship with God. Jesus witnesses by his live and activity about the possibility of the realization of the Messianic forecasts from the Old Testament. Instead of the unfaithful Israel appears new God’s nation, the Jesus’ Church. The rejection of Jesus will mean the loss of the exclusive right of Israel to be the God’s nation. The new nation, which will be plentiful of the fruits of The Heavenly Kingdom will be endowed with this privilege. The Church in the Gospel according to Saint Matthew was presented in comparison to the Israeli nation; it illustrates the contrast in relation to the former, unfaithful nation. However there exists the connection between Israel in The Old Testament, and The Jesus’ Church. The new God’s nation appears on the base of the former Jewish national and religious community. Therefore this church is rather the continuation of the former Israel. The true Israel observed the Jesus’ teachings. The new God’s nation deserves to be called the real Israel with regard to the unification of its members with God by the baptism and obedience before God. The Church is both the actualization and the realization of the Heavenly Kingdom on earth. Saint Peter is the foundation of the new Messianic nation. His task is to lead man to the God’s Kingdom, which is also the main idea of the activity of the Church. It is the dynamic reality, which will be fully manifested in the final times. The Christians are The New Rest. It is the people, whose task consists in the creation of the new perfect God’s nation.