Verbum Vitae, 2020, T. 38, nr 2
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Pozycja “Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God” (Matt 5:8) as Interpreted by the Church Fathers (4th–5th cent.)Wygralak, Paweł (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)Pozycja Jesus’ Intitulation of God as Abba: Its Sources and Impact on the Idea of the Fatherhood of God in the New TestamentSzymik, Stefan (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)In the article, the author discusses Jesus’ intitulation of God as Abba and its impact on the idea of God’s fatherhood in the New Testament writings. Responding to the recent criticism of J. Jeremias’s theses (cf. B. Chilton, M.R. D’Angelo), he tries to show that without the initial source, which was Jesus of Nazareth and his public teaching, the dynamic expansion of the idea of God’s fatherhood in the New Testament would not be possible. After a brief presentation of J. Jeremias’s ground-breaking opinion on Jesus’ filial relation to God as Father, encapsulated in the “Abba, Father” cry (Mk 14:36), a second section analyses the texts of the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple Judaism that explore the theological idea of God as Father. The third part focuses on the NT witnesses to God’s fatherhood, i.e. God both as the Father of Jesus Christ and the Father of all believers (υἱοθεσία). In conclusion, the literary evidence preserved in the NT writings and rational arguments point to Jesus of Nazareth as the source and starting point of the NT idea of God’s fatherhood. Jeremias’s study is still valid, and the address “Abba-Father” uttered by the historical Jesus remains the most concise and fullest expression of his filial relation to God.Pozycja Interdisciplinarity in Pastoral Theology. An Example of Socio-Theological ResearchSzymczak, Wioletta (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The purpose of the article is to analyze the idea of interdisciplinary research involving pastoral theology and sociology. This is one of the methodological proposals for research projects carried out under pastoral theology. Interdisciplinarity is understood as combining research methods for the cooperation of scientists from both disciplines in the process of planning, implementing and interpreting the results of empirical research. It is inspired by a problem identified in pastoral theology that requires exploration. The presentation consists of three parts. The first is devoted to the location of empirical research within pastoral theology. The second concerns the assumptions and significance of interdisciplinary research involving pastoral theologians and sociologists. In the final part, the areas of interdisciplinary cooperation among the research teams are pointed out. The potential of qualitative research as a space for cooperation among representatives of both sciences and as an important source of knowledge from the viewpoint of pastoral theology is shown. The comparative and synthetic method was used. The analysis shows that interdisciplinary research in the field of pastoral theology has great potential related to the acquisition and interpretation of multi-faceted empirical data and the designation of new research fields, which will significantly enrich the theological analysis process as well as the presentation and application of pastoral models.Pozycja The Motif of the Angel(s) of Death in Islamic Foundational SourcesProchwicz-Studnicka, Bożena (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The article aims at presenting the motif of the angel(s) of death in the foundational texts of Islam, i.e. the Quran, and in the sunna of the Prophet Muhammad. The scope of the research was limited to the dynamic motifs and therefore involves only the angels who participate in events associated with the time in which a person dies. The first part of the present study provides an overview of the foundational sources of Islam and the second consists of an analysis of the eponymous theme which is featured in them. At the end, an attempt has been made to draw conclusions as far as the conceptual and imagery dimensions of the motif are concerned.Pozycja Unavodability of Nature – the Struggle of Erich Przywara and Chantal Delsol to Reintroduce the ConceptRaczyński-Rożek, Maciej (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The history of modern philosophy has been marked by a retreat from traditional metaphysical concepts, including the notion of nature, which is central to theological considerations. It allows us to recognize a direct connection between the ordered world of nature and the existence of God. Still, some theologians paradoxically welcomed the downfall of metaphysics. Acknowledging the irreversibility of changes in the intellectual landscape of contemporary culture, and following Heidegger’s critique of the so-called ontotheology, they stated that one can and should “do” theology without resorting to metaphysical concepts, like the concept of nature. In this paper I am revisiting the work of two thinkers that defended the concept of nature. They represent two generations of 20th and 21st century Christian theologians (Erich Przywara) and philosophers (Chantal Delsol) who assiduously sought to reintroduce the concept of nature to the mainstream of intellectual discourse. Tracing their footsteps, we shall see that intellectual systems inspired by Christianity actually need the concept of nature, or its equivalent. What is common to both scholars is that they try to achieve this goal indirectly, by substituting the concepts of classical metaphysics. As mentioned, modern critique left metaphysical notions with a bad reputation (undeservedly, in our opinion), but Przywara and Delsol replace them with related concepts that latter-day thinkers find easier to accept.Pozycja A New Personalistic Philosophy Based on Hans Eduard Hengstenberg’s Interpretation of Max Scheler’s SystemPasterczyk, Piotr (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The article discusses the possibility of a new personalistic anthropology rooted in philosophia perennis and modern phenomenology, based on the thoughts of German anthropologist Hans Eduard Hengstenberg. Unlike Wojtyła and Stein, who did not create a new synthesis based on Husserl’s or Scheler’s phenomenology and the metaphysics of Thomas Aquinas, Hengstenberg was able to create an original concept of the human person involving metaphysical and phenomenological inspirations. It is personalism, based on the phenomenological theory of a spiritual act (Scheler) and the metaphysical theory of constitution (Plato, St. Augustine). According to Hengstenberg, the possibility of a new personalistic philosophy starts with a phenomenological analysis of three basic attitudes of human behavior: consensual to the object of cognition and emotion, contrary to the object of cognition and emotion, and utilitarian. The metaphysical heart of Hengstenberg’s personalism forms the theory of the metaphysical constitution of the spirit, body and personalistic principle.Pozycja Zeugizō: The Language of Marital Infidelity in the Account of Treachery Toward the Ancestral Laws in 1 Macc 1:15Nawrot, Janusz (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The present article deals with a linguistic issue well known in the Bible but not usually overtly present in the terminology of Hebrew and Greek Scripture. It concerns the sexual sphere of human life and is expressed by the verb zeugizō (1 Macc 1:15). This term appears only once in the Septuagint and is not featured in any of the other inspired books. However, the discovery of a non-biblical text which includes the term in question, as well as the inclusion of the verb by the Jewish authors of the Greek Bible from the 2nd century AD, shed important light on the sense of the verb in the First Book of the Maccabees. The exegesis carried out reveals just how harsh was the hagiographer’s critique of, and judgment upon, the supporters of the Hellenization of Judea.Pozycja Natural Conditioning of the Spiritual Life: A Contribution to Methodological ReflectionMatuszewski, Krzysztof (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The spiritual life constitutes an integral experience of any person being led by the Holy Spirit toward full communion with God. It is never something abstract, divorced from Sitz im Leben, in either the psychological aspect or the socio-cultural dimension, thus it always bears certain signs of one’s temperament, environment, and history. The present paper proposes a methodology of research into the natural basis of the spiritual life (psychological and socio-cultural), which influences the way God’s grace is received and experienced. The natural structures of the spiritual life constitute the ground, which is submitted to God’s salvific action and bears fruit in various forms. The description of the spiritual life demands the use of the appropriate methodology, which can be based on the combination of the doctrinal-sapiential (deductive) approach and the existential-anthropological (inductive) approach. An important auxiliary role in the description of the spiritual phenomenon can be played by psychological methods, for instance those that derive from the psycho-biographical approach, which allows us to capture what is unique in human functioning.Pozycja Marital Satisfaction and a Sense of Life’s Meaning Among Couples Struggling with Infertility. A Theological-Pastoral TakeGoleń, Jacek (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The problem of infertility today constitutes a challenge for pastoral theology and pastoral care of families. This article, of a theological-empirical character, addresses the correlation between marital satisfaction and a sense of life’s meaning among infertile married couples who seek help in Catholic clinics for infertility treatment. It first discusses the theoretical background and selected results of existing scholarship on the influence that infertility has on conjugal relations and a sense of life’s meaning. Then, it outlines the group of infertile married individuals studied and elucidates the research methodology employed. Then, the results of the research into a sense of life’s meaning and marital satisfaction are presented, together with the correlation between the two factors. The final section of the article offers conclusions drawn from the research conducted. The article argues that a sense of life’s meaning is visibly contingent on the respondents’ martial satisfaction, especially on their working together on their problems and leading trustful conversations about them, on their care for strengthening their mutual love, and on showing the spouse that they are loved. On this basis, the article argues that pastoral care offered to infertile couples needs to enhance their faith, which will have a positive impact on their sense of life’s meaning and on their marital satisfaction. Both within regular work at clinics for infertility diagnosis and treatment and within pastoral care, infertile couples should be taught to show care for their mutual bond, especially to have conversations that will enable them to manifest and strengthen their love and solve problems, as this would foster their marital satisfaction and enhance their sense of life’s meaning.Pozycja The Woman with the Flow of Blood in the Homily of Pseudo-Chrysostom and the Kontakion of Romanos the MelodistDźwigała, Katarzyna Maria (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)The piece considers the story of the woman with the flow of blood (haimorrhoousa) in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke as it is represented in two works: the homily of Pseudo-Chrysostom (PG 59, 575–578) and Kontakion 12 (in the Oxford edition) of Romanos the Melodist. Interpretations of this episode from the gospels touch upon the issue of ritual purity in the Jewish law as well as the attitude of Christian authors toward female menstruation. The texts mentioned above are examined, along with statements from the Fathers of the Church on menstruation, in an attempt to answer the question of whether Christian authors embraced the idea that menstruating women should be excluded from social and religious life. The article shows that the attitude of Christian authors towards menstruating women was in fact generally positive.Pozycja The Foundations of the Human Person’s Dynamismin Karol Wojtyła’s Anthropology. A Study in Light of “The Acting Person”Duma, Tomasz (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)In traditional anthropology, the problem of the dynamism of the human being was explained by means of human faculties that were seen as distinct from one another on the basis of the activities of man. Having accepted that the traditional approach is well-known and thoroughly elaborated, Karol Wojtyła proposed a complementary approach, enhancing the classical explanation of human dynamism by following the basic intuition of the person who reveals himself in action. In this article, through several steps, the author presents the framework of the basic thesis of Karol Wojtyła’s anthropology, which claims that the action performed by man includes the truth about not only his personal dynamism, but also the very subject of that dynamism itself, that is, the human person. The author shows Wojtyła’s stance beginning with the distinction of personal action made against the background of other forms of human dynamism. Then, he describes Wojtyła’s methods of explanation in reference to the Aristotelian theory of act and potency. Continuing, he analyzes the problem of causativeness of action, which will turn out to be crucial for understanding man as a person. Finally, he sketches Wojtyla’s conception of the fulfillment of man through his action.Pozycja Bogdan Czyżewski, Ojcowie Kościoła o Piśmie Świętym (Poznań: Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Wydział Teologiczny 2020). Ss. 192. PLN 20. ISBN 978–83–66399–20–4Nieścior, Leon (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)Pozycja Media Education and the New Evangelization. Part Two: Pastoral Postulates and Educational ProposalsChmielewski, Mirosław (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)This article is a methodological continuation of the content presented in the first part of the author’s research (“Media Education and the New Evangelization. Part One: Media Components and Challenges,” Verbum Vitae 37 [2020] 407–425) and represents an implementation of the concepts outlined there. In that previous text, the author demonstrated that pursuing a new evangelization in the Church demands the media education of evangelizers and their cooperation with the leaders of media education. This present article is aimed at formulating pastoral postulates and educational proposals based on the issues and connections that emerged. The first section outlines the postulates and educational proposals relating to those in charge of ongoing formation and who serve in the Church on the basis of the canonical authorization to teach (missio canonica). The second section contains postulates that apply to the formation of lay people and future clergy in preparing for evangelization in the Church. The third section focuses on a group of postulates concerning school religious education in light of the current Core Curriculum of the Catechesis of the Catholic Church in Poland (2018). This paper concludes with four research issues in the area of media education in the Church in the context of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The methods of the third research stage borrow from the methodological paradigm of pastoral theology, mainly in its methods of analysis and synthesis, and have been applied in the article.Pozycja Roman Bartnicki, Jezus w drodze do śmierci i zmartwychwstania. Komentarz do Ewangelii Marka 8,27–16,20. II. Mk 14,1–16,20 (Warszawa: Instytut Papieża Jana Pawła II 2019). Ss. 478. PLN 49. ISBN 978-83-65198-60-0Szymik, Stefan (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)Pozycja A Critical Edition and Philological Analysis of the Text of Isa 44:6–45:25 Based on the Coptic Manuscript sa 52 (M 568), Other Manuscripts Written in the Sahidic Coptic Dialect, and on the Greek Text of the SeptuagintBąk, Tomasz (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2020)This paper contains a critical edition and philological analysis of Isa 44:6–45:25, which were worked out primarily on the basis of the Coptic manuscript sa 52.2 and other available manuscripts of the Sahidic dialect. Particular attention is paid to these verses since they occur only in manuscript sa 52.2 and so far have never been published. The first part presents general information on the fragment of codex sa 52 (M 568) that includes the discussed text. The next part provides a list and brief characteristics of the other manuscripts containing at least some verses of Isa 44:6–45:25. The focal section of the paper is a presentation of the Coptic text (in the Sahidic dialect) and its translation into English. The differences between the Sahidic text and the Greek text of the Septuagint, on which the Coptic translation is based, have been pointed out in tables. They include additions and omissions in the Coptic translation, lexical changes, and semantic differences. Finally, the paper is devoted to difficult philological questions observed in the Coptic text itself or in its references to the Greek text of the LXX.