Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny, 2005, Tom 58, nr 1
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Pozycja Biblijne „szemranie”Zbroja, Bogdan (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)The human grumble is a common situation in various biblical chapters. There are more than fifty places, which mention such a talk. Not always it refers to objection to God; the people grumble at each other, too. The article above depicts every Bible’s text, which develops this theme. The basis cause of such a behavior, as it can be concluded from the analysis, is a dissatisfaction with one’s own life, with one’s own fate. Sometimes the people grumble because of disagreement with prophet’s call or demands. Such an attitude is observed also during Church’s history. The elaboration makes it possible to discover a specific of this human behavior, whose roots are present already in the Book of Exodus.Pozycja Pisanie dziejów Izraela nieco inaczej. Łukaszowi Niesiołowskiemu-Spanò w odpowiedziWarzecha, Julian (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)Pozycja Od Otniela do Saula. Początki państwowości izraelskiejTryl, Fabian (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)Period after Joshua’s death was very important in history of Israel. Unorganised tribes were been under influences of better-developed Canaanites and only begun to create more monolith society. Additional factors have been dangerous from outside and numerous invasions of enemies so sometimes Israel was a subordinate foreigner ruler. Overcoming particularisms and trying to set against this situations Israelites inducted kind of rulers governing of federations of few tribes, who Bible call “the Judges”. Etymology of this term and similar examples from another regions of ancient Near East sign its sacro-political character. Has been trust that appointed they God alone in answer of petitions of Israelites. Book of Judges mentions row of names but not much we know about these persons. However seem that much of they it’s possible to relate with priestly tribe of Levites. Situation becomes especially dangerous when Israelites have begun war with better organised and armed Philistines. It was time of last and greatest judge, Samuel, who appointed first king of united state Israelites, Saul. He didn’t rule long and post successfully fights with Philistines was killed in battle. However earlier was happened something what caused Saul with Samuel and Yahweh “rejected” king. As his successor is induct David, who however got power just after Saul’s death. On time of first king of Israel is date beginning of Yahwism as a state-religion. It didn’t mean Israelites were become monotheists but it was first step of this process where faith of Yahweh been one of most important factors keeping the sense unity among the Israelites. Negative image of Saul in the Bible most probably created writers connected with later kings from David’s dynasty.Pozycja Łukasz Niesiołowski-Spanò, Mityczne początki miejsc świętych w Starym Testamencie, Wydawnictwo Dialog, Warszawa 2003, 305 s.Münnich, Maciej (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)Pozycja V Międzynarodowy Kongres Associazione Biblica Salesiana (Kraków, 27 grudnia 2004 – 4 stycznia 2005)Jędrzejewski, Sylwester (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)Pozycja Nieznane kolektarze kartuzówFedorowicz, Szymon (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)Pozycja Współczesne kierunki badań nad Listem do FilemonaAdamczewski, Bartosz (Polskie Towarzystwo Teologiczne, 2005)In the period of last two or three decades interpretation of the Letter to Philemon has undergone significant changes. Exegetes applying the historical-critical method proposed recently several new ways of reconstructing the situation that occasioned Paul’s writing the letter. It has been suggested e.g. that Onesimus was no runaway, but probably an envoy from Colossae, or Philemon’s estranged brother, or a slave justifiably seeking intercession, or a roamer. Synchronic methods applied by many exegetes (structural, rhetorical, narrative and pragmatic criticism) elucidate various kinds of influence of the letter upon the reader. More and more popular becomes also nowadays manifold liberationist approach. However, beyond applying these various hermeneutic procedures there is also, at least for believing exegetes, an important task of adequate explaining the significance of the Letter to Philemon as an inspired writing.

