Porządek kosmiczno-moralny w religiach niechrześcijańskich
Data
1976
Tytuł czasopisma
ISSN czasopisma
Tytuł tomu
Wydawca
Akademia Teologii Katolickiej w Warszawie. Wydział Teologiczny
Abstrakt
Opis
The author tries to solve the problem of cosmic foundations of morals in non-Christian religions, as being a manifestation of universal world order. The concept of the cosmic-moral order in tribal religions is examined in the light of religious-philosophical systems of Africa and Indonesia. The Egyptian idea of order called maat appeares not only as the harmony of being, but also as the law and reward for everybody who observes it. Iranian asha and Hindu rta are parallel concepts of the universal order, the first however is emphasized, above all, by the dualistic character of the Persian religion. The Vedic concept of rta goes by the name of dharma in Upanishads. The systems of co-called terms or periods of life and of the hierarchy of castes as well, are considered to be manifestations of the eternal dharma. In Buddhism, the moral norms included in the doctrine of Buddha are a manifestation of cosmic order and law also called dharma. Tao is conceived both as the order of the world and as the way of man and cosmos, in three original religious systems of China, i. e. in Taoism, Confucianism and Motism. The moral ideal of Taoism consists in the imitation of the impersonal cosmic principle of order, or tao in its passivity, simplicity and humility. According to Confucianism, tao, as the way of man being homologous to the cosmic tao comprises four cardinal virtues: human kindness, justice, propriety and wisdom. The essence of Motism consists in preaching of universal love and justice as a manifestation of the universal order and of the will of Heaven. In Shintoism like in the religious systems of China, the moral criterion of human deeds was founded on the experience of cosmos as a universal order and harmony. The consequences of such foundations of morals are: an automatic character of sanction and a certain idea of utilitarianism. The moral evil consists in infringing of the universal order and harmony of the world. There is no conception of sin in the strict sense, i. e. as an offense of God, which appears to be the specific characteristics of Christianity.
Słowa kluczowe
religioznawstwo, religie niechrześcijańskie, porządek moralny, porządek kosmiczny, prawo kosmiczne, moralność, prawo, religious studies, non-Christian religions, moral order, cosmic order, cosmic law, morality, law
Cytowanie
Studia Theologica Varsaviensia, 1976, R. 14, nr 1, s. 3-27.
Licencja
CC-BY-ND - Uznanie autorstwa - Bez utworów zależnych