Nauka o władzy w Księdze Daniela

Abstract

In the Book of Daniel human kingdoms are presented in the context of history, especially in the four-kingdom schema (Dan 2 and 7) which depicts the rise and fall of kings and kingdoms. The theme of Dan 1-6 is that human kingdoms are transitory. Gentile kings bring about their downfall by arrogance and idolatry (i.e. Dan 5). The ultimate kingdom will be set up by God. In the Book of Daniel the kingdom of God provides the frame for human history. In the end God will establish his kingdom, but for the time being He bas given dominion over the earth to worldly kings. From this perspective, earthly monarchs must recognize God as a sovereign over human kingdoms. If pagan kings do it, the kingdom is restored to them (i.e. Dan 4); if they refuse, the royal power is taken away from them (i.e. Dan 5). In the apocalyptic visions (Dan 8-12) this situation is completely different. Human kingdoms revolt against God. All visions contain a review of history prior to Antiochus Epiphanes, focus on his career and predict his fall caused by divine power. Antiochus Epiphanes is portrayed as a symbol of evil because of his rebelion against God, revealed in the desecration of the tempie and the persecution of the faithful Jews. As a result, pagan kings and kingdoms will be annihilated and God will show his power.