Średniowieczny konflikt nauki z teologią (Potępienie z roku 1277)

Abstract

The appearance of Aristotle’s philosophy in the West in the 13th century caused the conflict between the accepted world view and the “new science”. In spite of many interventions of the Church authorities, the influence of the Aristotelien science, especially at universities, was stronger and stronger. This fact created real difficulties for theology based on the traditional (platonic) image of the world. The “theory of the double truths” (Averroes, Siger of Brabant) was a kind of the solution. The condemnation of some “Aristotelien theses” of 1227 by Elienne Tempier, bishop of Parish was aimed, among others, against this theory. The condemnation of 1227 was an im portant, although ambivalent, factor for the future development of science: on the one hand, by giving the priority to theology, it potentially endangered the scientific progress; on the other hand, by condemning theses according to which even God cannot act against the “nature of things”, it created a “free space” for scientific exploration of various possibilities.