Między ontologią a logiką. Rola logiki w procesie poznania prawdy

Abstract

The purpose of the article was to try to answer the question, what truth and logic is discovered? The answer came by comparing the claims made by Descartes and the main representatives of the Lviv-Warsaw School. The author of the article contrasting the views of the French thinker with the views of Polish logicians, with Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz at the head, turns to the proposal of the latter. According to Ajdukiewicz, discovered by law logic, as well as the laws discovered by representatives of empirical sciences, there are some objective relations that take place on the side of reality. Knowing these important and universal properties and laws, man increasingly and better understands the world. The conclusion of the article is the thesis that there is close correspondence between ontology and logic, as expressed by the first principles of the law of being, which are also the first principles of the laws of thought. Responding to the question of the role of logic in the process of learning the truth, the author confesses to those authors who argue that logic is a science that works on the material provided by the ontology, looking for relationships between objects of the real world.