Stosowanie logiki współczesnej w filozofii i teologii neotomistycznej

Abstract

This article presents the works of three Polish philosophers: I.M. Bocheński, J.F. Drewnowski and J. Salamucha, who tried to make the thomistic philosophy more exact, with the help of the modem logic. In this way they wanted to accomplish the programme of prominent expert of the logic and the philosophy J. Lukasiewicz, who demanded radical reform of the philosophy with regard to the methods used in the philosophy. Drewnowski in his book, in which he presented his philosophical programme, constructed the special theory of a sign, which – in his opinion – could be used in the rebuilding of all kinds of sciences, also philosophy and theology. He thought that all the science theories can be constructed as the set of elementary sentences in the shape: b2a1a2a3 what means: the being b2 perceive in the way a l the thing a2 experience a3. Drewnowski’s suggestions were rather impossible to the accomplish but they became encouragement for the other philosophers to use modem logic in philosophy. They made – especially Bocheński and Salamucha – some interesting analyses of different philosophical concepts and problems. However, in this article – more for the general public than for scientists – these analyses are only mentioned. There are in it first of all arguments for the need to make exact the philosophical and Christian thought. Philosophers presented in this article very often point at the tradition of the specification of Christian thought. This specification is also necessary because of very sophisticated reasoning in philosophy, especially in the metaphysics. These are the main reasons of the using of the modem logic in these fields.