The Biblical Annals
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Pozycja Funkcja 1Hen 9,1-3 w strukturze literackiej mitu o upadłych aniołach 1Hen 6-11Domka, Natalia (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2019)The article analyzes the structure of 1 En. 9:1-3 and its function within the larger structure of the myth of the fallen Watchers (1 En. 6–11). The short text introduces the four angels on the scene, their perception of the miserable state of humanity, and the reception of human complaint directed to God. The positive presentation of the four angels can be contrasted by the negative presentation of the fallen Watchers in 1 En. 6:2-3.7-8. On the other hand, 1 En. 9:1-3 is related to 1 En. 10:1-16 where the same four angels receive from God the divine commissioning. Since it introduces the decisive turn in the myth narrative thread, 1 En. 9:1-3 divides the myth into two parts, which implies the symmetric disposition of the myth.Pozycja Knowledge Transmission in the Context of the Watchers’ Sexual Sin with the Women in 1 Enoch 6-11Drawnel, Henryk (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2012)The first part of this research scrutinizes previous scholarly opinions concerning the belonging of the motif of instruction to the original narrative. While the conclusions of especially Nickelsburg and Hanson are negative, the mainly thematic criterion used by them in the separation of the literary strata indicates that they could not see any thematic connection between the Watchers and the motif of knowledge transmission. The second part of the research shows the interrelationship between the mythological origins of scribal and medical knowledge transmission in cuneiform sources and the response of Jewish priests in Babylonia. The latter group rejected Babylonian cuneiform arts and opted for Aramaic type of knowledge with the creation of a different ideal scribe from before the flood (Enoch), different transcendent channel of knowledge transmission (angels faithful to God), and different channel of knowledge transmission from father to son in patriarchal and Levitical genealogies. The third part of the research explores the metaphorical meaning of especially the “great sin” of “fornication” committed by the Watchers. The sin of fornication with women and successive defilement of the Watchers have to be interpreted in relation to the metaphorical, not literal, meaning of these terms found in the biblical account where they often figuratively express apostasy from the God of Israel and idolatrous relationship with other gods.Pozycja Zawodowa wiedza Asaela (1 Hen. 8,1) i jej relacja do starożytnej MezopotamiiDrawnel, Henryk (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2013)In 1 En. 8:1 one of the fallen Watchers, Asael, teaches humanity about the elaboration of metals, precious stones, and the use of minerals and dyes. In order to understand the reasons for the presentation of his professional skills, it seems necessary to analyze the cultural background of that Enochic tradition in the context of the Late Babylonian temple, with its large and skilled workforce used for the upkeep of cultic, economic and military activities. The Aramaic terminology in 1 En. 6:8 and 8:1 recovered from 4Q201 properly corresponds to what we now know about the functioning of the Babylonian artisans working for, and in cooperation with, the Late Babylonian temple.