The Person and the Challenges, 2011, Vol. 1, No. 2

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    Aspekte der Aktivitäten der akademischen Mitarbeiter an der Theologischen Fakultät, Sektion Tarnów, im Dienst der Wissenschaft
    Stala, Józef (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The aim of the Faculty of Theology, Section in Tarnów of the Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow is a comprehensive and systematic study of God’s revelation in different periods and aspects of the life of the Church and a human being. In this article the author presents various aspects of scientific and didactic work undertaken in the service of science by the academic staff of the Faculty of Theology, Section in Tarnów. First, an acoount will be given of the scientific contacts (meetings, consultations, conferences, seminars, reviews) with the academics of various scientific and research institutions, both from Poland and abroad. Then, the new book series (nearly two hundred books in total), scientific journals and various publications will be highlighted.
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    Biografisches und traditionsorientiertes Erzählen als elementare Lernformen der Katechese
    Scheidler, Monika (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The article presents tradition-oriented as well as biographical narration as basic forms of learning in catechesis. Firstly, the Church is considered as a narrating-community and a place of learning. Secondly, the specific profile of learning processes in catechesis is elaborated. Furthermore, narration is described as an elementary form of learning and the functions of tradition-oriented as well as biography-oriented narration are pointed out. Finally, the various facets of the catechist’s role as narrator are explained.
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    Call of Lay People to the Mystical Life
    Zyzak, Wojciech (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The subject of this article is the call of lay people to the mystical life. The topic under consideration indicates two poles, around which the main reflection revolves: the mystic and the lay state of life. The call of lay people to mysticism is not just a hypothesis, but a real experience, researched and decribed by theologians. So reflecting on the call to the mystic life of lay people is not so much a matter of ‘whether’, but of ‘how’. In the light of the above, four issues are fundamental: the impossibility to provoke the mystical experience, its dependence on the spirituality of the baptism, the relation of contemplation to action and the relation to the world. It occurs however, that every Christian, together with God’s life of grace bestowed in baptism, receives the basis for the mystical life. Neither an active life in the world, nor work or marriage, hinders the development of this gift.
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    Erwartungen an die katholische Schule in einem postmodernen Zeitalter
    Osewska, Elżbieta (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    Catholic schools are the subject of many expectations. Yet, the most important sets of expectations are three: parents, the Church and governmental institutions. Parents do not know any more what would be the best preparation for the future of their children, but they expect that Catholic school should prepare their children for their future jobs in the best possible way. The Church concentrates mostly on the religious role of Catholic schools and the governmental education authorities and institutions devote their attention to right attitudes in the civil society. Being a subject of so many, varied expectations, the Catholic school needs to respond constructively to these expectations and show a commitment to the integral and holistic education of every pupil in the postmodern and consumer society.
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    Die Familie angesichts der Migration im Lichte der Botschaften von Johannes Paul II. zum Welttag der Migranten
    Stolarczyk, Ireneusz (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The author of this article presents migration as a social phenomenon, which constitutes a challenge for both the international community and particular countries. The involvement of the Holy Father John Paul II, as well as the variety of problems featuring in messages for the World Day of Migrants allow the reader to perceive the issues connected with migration as extremely urgent ‒ both for individuals and for communities, among which the family is of greatest importance. The reason why the Holy Father committed himself to this field was to uphold human dignity and a global social solidarity. The analysis of this phenomenon allows the Holy Father to address a call for responsibility to various groups whose integral activity can make the phenomenon of migration more dignified. The messages of the Holy Father also offer a direct invitation to all people of goodwill to make their own contribution so that every person and family are respected and discriminations that undertime human dignity.
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    Fr Luigi Giussani’s Concept of Education – an Outline
    Rynio, Alina (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    This outline focuses on the multifarious academic, pedagogical and social activities of Fr Luigi Giussani, Professor of Theology, Italian thinker and scholar renowned for his numerous accomplishments. Due to his exceptional attentiveness, inquisitiveness and courage he has been certainly well-known and highly-regarded not only in university and ecclesiastical but also in the cultural and political spheres of life. The author of this study describes Fr Giussani as an exceptional scholar and educator emphasising the pedagogical aspect of his activities. The study explains his understanding of pedagogy and education. Selected achievements from his biography confirm Fr Giussani to be an exceptional human being, educator and scholar. As an educator, Fr Giussani holds a sober and realistic view of man and his formation: the true value of man, he claims, lies in being rational and free. Complete trust in God and great love for a human person define the most fundamental elements of his approach. The outline also includes a short biographical note and describes popular ways of education, formative events, the educators and educatee’s personality constituents, and the relationship between freedom, conscience, tradition and education.
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    The Impact of the Status of Religion in Contemporary Society upon Interreligious Learning
    Lombaerts, Herman (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The author analyses the growing importance of IRL against the background of a changing European society. Based on sociological research, the traditional status of the Christian religion ‒ and the monoreligious education that normally accompanies it ‒ is seriously being challenged by the process of secularisation and the growing plurality or religious attitudes and beliefs among people in the West. Europe has become a complex network of influences that constitute the actual symbolic field employed by people in their search for truth. The interest for religion is still very much alive. People are not endlessly indifferent but still hope to find (religious) truth and meaning, even if this process has become much more complex today. In this context, interreligious dialogue itself becomes a religious act. The status given by a religion to other religions is of crucial importance for its ultimate credibility. In this line of thought, religious education should transcend both a purely monoreligious approach and a purely objective-comparative (multireligious) approach, and instead should cultivate in the pupils ‒ at the very borderlands of the different religious, cultural and geo-political territories ‒ an attitude of practising interreligious dialogue as a religious event.
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    Modern Media Phenomenon
    Prijatelj, Erika (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    Contemporary media culture is defined by the logic of the victorious spectacle expanding to all areas of life. Post-modern capitalism has turned everyday life and culture into entertainment with the help of the spectacular. In fact, such entertainment results in a fake sense of happiness, pop mainstream, the swallowing up alternatives and therefore the creation of a passive consumer society. The media today have a unique power of overwhelming a person with information. They enable a modern person to know much, but understand little. This discussion has cast some light on very popular reality shows, the body and sports. It concludes with a reflection on modern media, which leave a person of this age with a patchwork identity.
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    La preparación al matrimonio según la Exhortación Apostólica Familiaris Consortio. Una reflexión sobre el documento en el 30 aniversario de su elaboración
    Kantor, Robert (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    Marriage is an important event in the life of engaged couple as well as the whole community of believers. The preparation for marriage requires that the couple should be introduced into the Catholic ecclesial teaching about the rights and duties which result from contracted marriage. The article presents the issue of preparation for marriage; the stages according to the Apostolic Exhortation Familiaris Consortio. The study includes the following issues: the preparation stage; the need of preparation to marriage; stages and content of the preparation; people responsible for the preparation; permission to celebrate marriage of baptized individuals who are not sufficiently prepared.
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    Recension du livre Stanko Gerjolj, Živeti, delati, ljubiti, Ljubljana 2009 (Stanko Gerjolj, Vivre, travailler, aimer, Ljubljana 2009)
    Prijatelj, Erika (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
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    Il Sinodo dei Vescovi nella Chiesa postconciliare (sintesi)
    Rozkrut, Tomasz (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The history of the Church for the past twenty centuries was moulded not only by the authorities of Church offices, such as the office of Bishop of Rome or the office of the diocesan bishop but also by the personal authority of the saints from various nations. The Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) was an important period for the reflection of the Church on itself and its mission in the service of the Gospel. Due to its discussion this Council considerably contributed to establishing the institution of the Synod of Bishops by Paul VI on 15 September 1965. This took place during the last session of the conciliar debates. After the completion of the Second Vatican Council, the Synod of Bishops has remained an institution which originates from the Council and shapes the image of the Church confirmed by the contemporary post-conciliar period and meetings. That is why one of the most crucial contributions of the Second Vatican Council to the organizational structure and the method of management of the Church is undoubtedly the Synod of Bishops, which is confirmed by the passing post-conciliar period and meetings of this institution whose number equals 24. Simultaneously, the Synod of Bishops played and has still been playing a crucial role also in the pontificates of the post-conciliar Popes, particularly during the years of the long-lasting pontificate of John Paul II (1978-2005). Furthermore, the current pontificate indicates that Pope Benedict XVI attaches a high importance to this institution, summoning the Synod of Bishops regularly. The afore-mentioned Popes of the post-conciliar Church modelled the theological and legal image of the Synod of Bishops as well. First of all, in this current the following should be listed: the before-mentioned m.p. “Apostolica sollicitudo” by Paul VI establishing the institution which has been remaining the theological and legal backbone of the Synod of Bishops till today and later, giving it the current legal depiction with division into the General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops (ordinary and extraordinary ones) and the Special Assembly of the Synod of Bishops promulgated by the Pope John Paul II in 1983 under the Code of Canon Law. Furthermore, statutory regulations of this central institution of the Church which are the Regulations of the Synod of Bishops from the years: 1966, 1969, 1971 and 2006 should be mentioned. The Regulation of the Synod of Bishops has shaped the works of its individual meetings in a practical way. In this current we should also refer to multi-layered statements of the Bishops of Rome at numerous circumstances about the Synod of Bishops and their constant practice of issuing post-synodal apostolic exhortations.
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    Sozialarbeit als zielgerichtetes Handeln
    Młyński, Józef (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    Social work since the beginning of the history of science has been interesting for many representatives of various scientific disciplines. It is so, because both the subject and object of its activity is man ‒ an individual who does not always cope with proper functioning in his own environment and society. In this context, social work is a purposeful activity in favour of an individual, a group, a family, society. Social work possesses a wide spectrum of fields and as a purposeful and professional activity is not only needed, but also necessary for supporting a human being.
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    Typological Usage of the Old Testament in the New Testament
    Łabuda, Piotr (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The typological reading and application of Hebrew texts deserve the greatest attention among the numerous ways of reading and applying the Old Covenant ideas, traditions and texts. Through the typological reading and application of the text, the text is given broad latitude for its typological application. Treating the Bible from the typological point of view is not only restricted to quoting the books of the Old Testament. Instead, numerous allusions and references to events, characters, places and descriptions are made. The interpretation of these analogies leads to the understanding of the whole truth of the Old and New Testament. “Christians therefore read the Old Testament in the light of Christ who died and rose from the dead. Such typological reading reveals an inexhaustible part of the Old Testament” (CCC 129). Therefore typological thinking is necessary in order to interpret the Bible messages appropriately.
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    Violent Computer Games Pose a Challenge to Education Today
    Gerjolj, Stanko (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    Violent computer games are becoming an increasingly common phenomenon of leisure activities among children and the young. Most researchers and practical educators consider them a dangerous phenomenon that encourages violence in everyday life. A kind of cyclic round goes from children who, due to a lack of sensitive communication, quickly feel certain tensions and quench them by resorting to media violence where computer games take the lead in the modern environment. Educators suggest the creation of situations where children and adolescents can speak out and express their pain in different ways. An in-depth expression of children’s and adolescents’ experiences does not only change their feelings, but extends to the changes at the level of neurobiological functioning. Adults, especially parents, help children mostly in overcoming violence if, in sensitive communication, they radiate happiness with their own lives and the ability to solve problems and give signs of unconditional acceptance and love. In such communication, children and young people re-experience their parents and other educators as strong personalities and moral authorities whom they love and respect.
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    Wayfaring and Seafaring A Theological Reading of the “Mediterranean Journey”
    Scerri, Hector (The Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow, 2011)
    The article dwells upon the theme of the journey in the Mediterranean, the cradle of the three great monotheistic religions. Taking some paradigms for the journey from mythology, history and from Revelation, the physical journey is taken as a metaphor for the pilgrimage of life, an experience marked by maturation and conversion. This spiritual pilgrimage ultimately consists in the individual’s search for the Divine.