Seminare, 2024, Tom 45, nr 2

Stały URI dla kolekcjihttps://theo-logos.pl/handle/123456789/44787

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A Report on the Activities of the Francis de Sales Scientific Society in 2023
Jędrzejewski, Sylwester (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
Blessed Jerzy Popiełuszko as an Authority Figure and Role Model for Contemporary Youth: A Reflection on the 40th Anniversary of His Martyrdom
Gocko, Jerzy (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The article takes a closer look at Blessed Jerzy Popiełuszko as an authority figure and role model for today’s youth, the occasion for which is the 40th anniversary of his martyrdom. The analyses are based on interdisciplinary methodology developed at the intersection of moral theology, pedagogy and sociology of values. The first part presents a theoretical outline of the concepts of authority figure, role model and imitation/emulation, pointing to their biblical, historical and axiological determinants. Then the main trends and socio-cultural transformations that affect the contemporary crisis of authority are presented. The main part of the study is a biographical sketch of Fr. Jerzy Popiełuszko, showing the key values in his teaching (truth, freedom, solidarity, human dignity, love and courage) in the context of the socio-political realities of Poland of the 1980s. A comparative analysis of the axiological preferences of Polish youth and the values preached by the chaplain of “Solidarity” confirms the hypothesis that these attitudes are compatible. In conclusion, Fr. Popiełuszko’s figure can be an important point of reference for the young generation in building their identities and searching for authentic models based on Christian values.
Criminal Responsibility of a Juvenile in Relation to the Provisions of the Criminal Code
Majchrzak, Katarzyna (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
Under Polish criminal law, a juvenile is a person under the age of 17. In principle, such person would not be liable for the offence under the terms of the Criminal Code. The responsibility of juveniles is extensively regulated in the Act of 9th June 2022 on the Support and Rehabilitation of Juveniles. However, in specific cases, which are explicitly set out in the Criminal Code, a juvenile over the age of 15 or even 14 may be held criminally responsible. Whereby the treatment of a juvenile as an adult and the application of criminal responsibility to him/her requires, in addition to the commission of one of the strictly defined offences, that the circumstances of the case and the degree of development of the offender, his/her personal conditions as well as his/her personal characteristics should also support this. The sentence imposed on a juvenile offender may not exceed 2/3 of the upper limit of the statutory penalty range for the offence in question. The legislature, however, left it to the court’s discretion whether it would be advisable to apply extraordinary mitigation in a particular case. Furthermore, a juvenile cannot be sentenced to life imprisonment.
Cyberspace – threats to young people and the family
Podkowińska, Monika (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
Cyberspace is an important communication area that can be considered both from the perspective of external and internal (family) communication. One can also look at this space of communication from the perspective of threats and opportunities for the family and young people. The article was based on non-reactive research techniques, mainly on the analysis of existing data. The author, based on the literature on the subject and the results of nationwide research on the use of the Internet by young people (“Teenagers 3.0,” 2021; “Teenagers 3.0,” 2023, “Teenagers towards digital pornography,” 2022 reports. NASK-PIB), raises the issue of threats related to cyberspace in the context of family and family communication. The author also pays attention to the features of virtual communities, presents communication threats related to young people’s entry into the world of the Internet and cyberspace, and points to the challenges that modern families come up against in the face of these threats. The presented research results indicate many discrepancies in how parents and children perceive the rules regarding the use of the Internet and the threats related to cyberspace. In a situation where there is no open communication in the sphere of family communication, problems resulting from young people using the Internet inappropriately are hidden in silence. This poses an important challenge for modern families.
Depression Symptoms, Risk Behaviors, Somatization and Social Support Within Two Different Microsystems of Early Adolescents
Sikora, Renata (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The main aim of the study was to find out if early adolescents who attend two different school microsystems i.e. division of high educational outcomes and division of low educational outcomes differ in terms of depression symptoms, somatization, risk behaviors, school stress and the perception of teachers’ social support which they receive at school. There were 60 adolescents who took part in the study. The set of five tools was applied as follows: Children Depression Inventory CDI-2 (Kovacs 2014), Children Somatization Inventory – short (Walker et al. 2009), Children and Adolescent Social Support Scale – a subscale ‘teachers support’ (Malecki et al. 1999), List of Risk Behaviors in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence (Sikora 2016) and a list of school stressors which was created by participants. The results show medium level of depression symptoms in a whole group and high level of symptoms in girls who attend low outcomes division. The level of somatization is also the highest among girls of low outcomes division. Risk behaviors are declared more often by students of high outcomes division. Social support was viewed differently in two divisions. Teachers’ help was connected to the well-being of students and provided a protection against mental costs of being at school. Study results call for closer attention to be put on school context of early adolescents. The intervention and prevention programs should take into account some cultural changes in risk behaviors and in symptoms of somatization declared by early adolescents in the study.
Educational Presence of Polish Salesians in Vilnius in the Years 1924-1945: Overview of Main Topics
Pietrzykowski, Jan (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The Salesians came to Vilnius in 1924 and took over coeducational care facilities run by the pralate Fr. Karol Lubianiec. The first principal of the monastic house, Fr. Wojciech Balawajder, resigned from the coeducational character of these benevolent institutions. Salesians working with boys stayed in the facility in Dobrej Rady Street and served in the Church of Divine Providence. Girls were relocated to Stefańska Street near the railway station. In 1928 the Church of Saint Stephen was made available to use by Salesians and a separate monastic house was established next to it. Priests and clergymen ran oratory, taught religion at schools, visited prisons, studied at Stefan Batory University (now Vilnius University). During World War II priests ran limited pastoral work and were engaged in ministrative and educational activities during secret meetings. During Lithuanian, Soviet and German occupation Salesians were removed from the facility in Dobrej Rady Street and interned in Lithuanian Salesian houses. After World War II, the majority of Polish Salesians left Vilnius and the Vilnius region and moved to Poland.
From the Psalms of David to Christian Rock: Youth Musical Subculture as a Tool for Evangelization
Chejnowski, Artur (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The purpose of this article is to present in a historical perspective of the use of rock music as a tool for evangelization. In order for above-mentioned perspective to be complete and based on a solid foundation, this study first of all takes into account the biblical background of the use of music. The Second Vatican Council ushered in a new relationship between the Church community and the world of culture and art. The Church community, in response to the call to the work of the “new evangelization,” undertook unprecedented forms of apostolate, which often aroused controversy. One example here is evangelization through rock music. For some, the aesthetics of this form of music being far removed from the recommendations provided in the documents of the Catholic Church or its cultural and worldview message, unequivocally disqualifies it as a tool for evangelization. For others, on the other hand, rock music has an important evangelizing function, as the genre responds to the expectations of youth culture. Rock music, with its evangelical message, becomes a bridge allowing the Church community to get through with the Good News to the young generation who increasingly tend to live outside the Church’s structures. Consequently, the term “Christian rock” is used in the classification of the genre to indicate its distinctive values and message. The phenomenon of “Christian rock” implies two important aspects. Firstly, the radical transformation of musical forms that religious music is undergoing in order to respond to the needs of the times and, secondly, the fact that the message of the Gospel has realistically entered the world of popular music and has begun to use it to achieve its own goals. The historical framing of the problem inspires further research, e.g. in sociological and cultural dimensions.
How to Shape the Identity of Young People by Implementing an Educational Project? In the Footsteps of a Lost Long Toed Shoe in Old and Contemporary Krakow
Pławecka, Katarzyna (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The publication was subordinated to the issues focused on the proposal to read the works of Antonina Domańska in primary schools. The continuation of research on the significant role of regional Polish education is visible here, demanding an answer to the question ‒ how to help school youth to “take root” in a specific topographic and sociocultural reality in a multiculturally global world? The potential of the cultural heritage of the region is shown on the example of the novel The yellow long toed shoe [Polish: Historia żółtej ciżemki] by Antonina Domańska, which, based on facts, tells the story of a golden long toed shoe found behind the altar in St. Mary’s Church. The literary image of Krakow is complemented by outstanding historical figures and at the same time role models for contemporary students, i.e.: King Casimir IV Jagiellon surrounded by the royal family, Jan Długosz – the famous chronicler, Szymon of Lipnica – a monk of the Bernardine Order – a future saint, Veit Stoss – a great artist, sculptor of the monumental altar in St. Mary’s Church. The activities described in the project, carried out in the classroom and as part of a Polish language trip around Krakow, constitute a proposal for “reading” Krakow as a particularly valuable place, a symbol of Polishness perpetuated in literature and culture, as also seen by contemporary youth at school and college.
Implementing Inclusive Education in the Experience of Teachers Working with Children from Ukraine
Bocharova, Olena; Popławska, Agata (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The war in Ukraine contributed to a huge wave of refugees arriving at the territory of the EU member states, Moldova and Georgia. Most mothers with school-age children came to Poland. In this situation, mobilization took place, and a number of actions were taken on many different levels to ensure, among others: access to the labour market, social assistance, medical care and education. Teachers in schools accepting children from Ukraine had to develop adequate educational strategies. Schools began to implement inclusive education understood as an approach providing all students, as full participants in the teachinglearning process, with appropriate conditions for developing their personal potential and acquiring competences needed to function well in society regardless of their special needs, health condition, origin, culture. The article presents the results of research aimed at finding an answer to the question: How do teachers working with students from Ukraine in Polish schools implement inclusive education? The survey covered 258 teachers from all over Poland working with children from Ukraine at the first stage of education.
Intergenerational Transmission of Values and Attitudes as Perceived by Students in Western Ukraine and Eastern Poland
Szluz, Beata; Myshchyshyn, Iryna (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The empirical base of the article is the result of surveys conducted among students in the years 2018-2010. The purpose of the analysis is to learn the opinions of students in the cities of Lviv and Rzeszow with respect to the intergenerational transmission of values and attitudes. The formulation of the research problem: how do students in Eastern Poland and Western Ukraine perceive intergenerational transmission of values and attitudes? While conducting the research, both survey method and survey technique were used. Purposive sampling was determined by the following criteria: nationality, age, gender, and field of study. The foremost value which students internalised, and passed on to them by their mothers, is love. Assisting others and caring for loved ones were also apparent. The mothers of Polish students shaped the respondents’ attitudes regarding respect for others, while Ukrainian students internalised the following values passed on to them by their mothers: justice, patriotism, and freedom; in contrast to Polish students, for whom these values and attitudes appeared to be the least important. The fathers of the students shaped: industriousness and a prosperous life. The context of carrying out economic functions was lauded. According to Polish students, fathers passing on values such as respect for others, love, and honesty were also important; similar to what Lviv students thought were important. Ukrainian respondents emphasised that their fathers had shaped their broad intellectual horizons. For these students, honesty and justice were equally important. Students who had been educated in Lviv reported religiosity as the least important. This was most often instilled by their mothers (somewhat more often Ukrainian) rather than by their fathers (somewhat more often Polish). The results demonstrated differences in the assessment of the transmission of values and attitudes of Ukrainian and Polish mothers and fathers.
Moral Intelligence – Theory and Application in Education
Dacka, Monika (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
Morality and intelligence influence various aspects of human life and action. They contribute to a certain stabilisation of a young person’s functioning in a given society. The development and technological progress that is taking place is conducive to the development of young people, the satisfaction of certain needs, but it cannot guarantee the possibility of shaping basic values such as freedom, justice or responsibility. Currently, material and individualistic values are increasingly promoted. References to moral ideals based on truth, honesty and love, on the other hand, are less frequent. These are important when making future choices or decisions. A particularly important task today, in the face of various threats, addictions and value crises, is to shape the moral intelligence of young people. It involves having strong ethical and moral convictions and acting in accordance with them. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of moral intelligence, to provide a definition and a conception of the research issue under consideration on a psychological level. It also shows some conditions of its formation during childhood and adolescence. The considerations undertaken in the article show the importance of moral intelligence in developing appropriate social attitudes, behaviour, acquiring moral principles, teaching responsibility, sensitivity to the suffering of others in adolescents.
One Man, Two Dreams: Collaboration with Fr. Professor Andrzej Maryniarczyk SDB
Ptaszek, Robert Tomasz; Stępień, Maciej Bogdan (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
This article consists of memoirs of two associates of late Fr. Andrzej Maryniarczyk, a Polish Salesian priest and a renowned representative of the Lublin Philosophical School. These recollections are but a part of a greater pool of insights, testimonies and reflections delivered at a conference in Zamość that commemorated the third anniversary of the Lublin philosopher’s untimely death. Robert T. Ptaszek recalls Fr. Maryniarczyk as a colleague and mentor, impacting his own academic career. Maciej B. Stępień remembers the last four years of Fr. Maryniarczyk scholarly activity, filled to the brim with efforts to bring the legacy of the Lublin Philosophical School to the English-speaking audience. The two dreams they discuss are the metaphilosophical works of Stanisław Kamiński, successfully published in English before Fr. Maryniarczyk passed away, and the Universal Encyclopedia of Philosophy (UEP, the English translation of the Polish original), whose editorial team was appointed and assembled by the Editor-in-Chief just days before he was gone.
The Role of Joseph de Finance’s Axiological Concept in Opening Youth to the World of Values
Gavendová, Olga (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
Research and common experience confirm that value orientation of young people has changed fundamentally. Material values have come to the fore and young people do not seem to recognize higher values at all. The subject of the study is the phenomenon of blindness and deafness to higher values. The fact was pointed out by Joseph de Finance, who formulated an axiological conception that offers a solution to this problem. Every human being needs basic values, both material and spiritual, that enable his or her integral development. Each group of values corresponds to certain needs resulting from human nature. However, children or young people often remain attached to material values while they fail to open up to higher values, especially moral ones. The educator must use kairos and help children to take this step. The educator helps those who are blind to certain values to find other similar values that they can recognize. Teachers must help young people to tune in to the wavelength of certain values so they can hear them. The realization of the moral value is of crucial importance since it is through that value that people can develop integrally and find happiness.
Theology and Sports: Sport in the Educational System of Saint John Bosco
Dziubiński, Zbigniew (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2024)
The aim of the article is to show the synergy between theology and sport on the example of the educational system of Saint John Bosco created by him during his formation and pedagogical practice aimed at young people, especially the poor and neglected in intellectual, social, cultural and religious terms. The article presents the role and importance of sport in the educational system of the teacher from Turin, along with its enormous fitness and health, socio-cultural, psychological-interactional and ethical-religious potential. The analysis of the collected material shows that sports activity in the preventive system is not an addition or an insignificant decoration that can make the system image more attractive, but the foundation on which subsequent layers of the pedagogical system are built. Therefore, it may be concluded that sports activity was not included on the basis of generous voluntary action, but as an integral and complementary, necessary and inalienable element, serving the comprehensive, harmonious and holistic development of children and youth.

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