Analecta Cracoviensia, 2008, T. 40

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Strukturalizm i funkcjonalizm w podejściu do definicji postaw
Cholewa, Marcin (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
The purpose of this article in its first part was to demonstrate methodologically different paradigms in approach to defining attitude. Three perspectives were characterised here – the ecological, the behavioural and the cognitive perspective. In consequence, a conclusion was drawn that it was impossible to elaborate one, structural definition of attitude. In the second part of the article functions of attitude were discussed. Particular stress was laid on the way attitudes influence perception, assessment, memorising information as well as the choice of certain behaviour with selectivity. This lead to a proposition of an operational definition of attitude which could be accepted by several theoretical approaches. It was also the aim of the second part of the article. Attitude can be described in its functional aspect as a certain type content which has adaptive meaning for the subject, as it focusses our cognitive structures on information relevant to us. It thus influences our selective perception of the world in order to shape our preference for certain types of behaviour.
Maryja w życiu Kościoła w przepowiadaniu biskupa Karola Wojtyły w 1963 roku
Dobrzyński, Andrzej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
The article “Mary in the life of the Church in bishop Karol Wojtyla’s discourses said in 1963” concerns a special time when the Polish catholic Church was preparing to celebrate the Millennium of Christianity in 1966 and the Second Vatican Council had been held in Rome from 1962 to 1965. Bishop Wojtyla organized the Marian Days in the Archdiocese of Cracow in 1963. It was an opportunity to make deeper and deeper the role of devotion to the Mother of Christ in the spiritual lives of people and in the Church. The originality of the article consists in analyzing pastoral writings, some of which have never been published. Bishop K. Wojtyla’s understanding of the title of Mary as Mother of the Church is rooted in the theology of Redemption and in the theology of divine grace. He underlined that Mary had cooperated closely with his Son in redeeming people, and she has continued to help as Mother of Divine Grace. Bishop Wojtyla was convinced that Mary was the Mother of the Church not only because of being an important role model for people but also because of conserving her specific role in the Redemption. Her role regarding the Church consists in procuring the fruits of Redemption of her Son for all humanity. This is the rison why bishop Wojtyla, during the second session of the Vatican Council, proposed the Marian chapter as the second one of the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church Lumen Gentium. The article is a new contribution to the Mariology of Karol Wojtyla – John Paul II. The traditional devotion to Mary was an important source for the bishop of Cracow. The article shows the pastoral care of bishop Wojtyla in his desire to make the traditional devotion theologically profound. Important to him as well were the anthropological and social aspects of Marian devotion.
“To Paint the World with the Colours of Hope”. Theological reflections
Panuś, Kazimierz (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Żyjemy w świecie fantastycznych odkryć naukowych. Człowiek podejmuje podróże kosmiczne i zgłębia tajniki wszechświata. Zna ludzki genom. Jednakże najdoskonalsze mikroskopy i teleskopy odczytujące tajemnice świata nie odkryją w nim informacji po co żyjemy, dlaczego płaczemy, po co umieramy, jaki jest sens naszego życia. Dzisiaj te pytania są spychane często na obrzeża naszego życia i naszej świadomości. W świecie wykreowanym przez media bardzo rzadko pojawia się odniesienie do Boga. Paradoksalnie nasz wzrok stał się słabszy i krótszy, a nasz horyzont duchowy ograniczył się często jedynie do tego, co widzialne i namacalne. Człowiek współczesny niejednokrotnie nie potrafi wybiegać poza nakreślony mu horyzont, nie potrafi przenikać kolorowej warstwy obrazów i materii. A podstawowe pytania pozostają bez odpowiedzi... Tymczasem to, co jest naprawdę ważne, jest niewidoczne. Trzeba zatem dostrzec Niewidzialnego, sięgnąć do Biblii, żyć prawdą, zrozumieć drugich, mieć radość z czynienia dobra. Kultura chrześcijańska to nie tylko katedry i kantaty Jana Sebastiana Bacha, poezja mistyczna, ikony czy malarstwo sakralne. Istnieje także inspirowany chrześcijaństwem sposób bycia, atmosfera miłości w rodzinie, uśmiech matki, uścisk ojca, rodzinna więź, bezinteresowna pomoc – to ciche i ukryte skarby kultury chrześcijańskiej, z pewnością warte dostojeństwa katedr, piękna płócien Fra Angelico, kantat Jana Sebastiana Bacha. Powyższy wykład został wygłoszony w Liverpool Hope University 28 lutego 2008 roku, na posiedzeniu Hope Theological Society.
Autonomia podmiotu politycznego w ujęciu Johna Rawlsa
Andryszczak, Piotr (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Rawls’s philosophy in general and his conception of the person in particular has undeniably Kantian foundations. Kant, in his attempt to find a basis for his ethic, came to a conclusion that it can be found only in the autonomy of the will which has to be independent of any empirical determination. Any influence of our social and psychological inclinations leads us to the refusal of freedom and makes our will heteronomous. Therefore we are able to be moral only as participants in a transcendental subject. Rawls preserves Kant’s teaching by detaching it from transcendental idealism and recasting in the new context. His social and political theory is founded on a specific anthropology. The metaphysical essence of a person is not determined by any form of the good, ie by the ends we choose, but consists in our capacity to choose them. The reason for that is very clear: If a conception of the good were a part of my identity, I would try to impose it on others in a society we plan to build behind the veil of ignorance. That is why only the persons who are individuated prior to their ends can construct a just society. So in Rawls’s view the autonomy turns out to be our essence. However his anthropology and his political thought as well induce us to raise some objections to his proposals. Rawls sees a human being in a very abstract and artificial way and such characteristic does not show the truth about ourselves but is used by him to justify liberal principles. Rawls simply constructs a certain notion of the person, which is liberal in its content to convince us that we have to choose to live in a liberal society. If we do not recognise ourselves in his theory of the person and therefore we are reluctant to accept the liberal vision of society, then what?
Prywatne stowarzyszenia wiernych. Charakterystyka i etapy powstawania
Kroczek, Piotr (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
The right to association is one of the fundamental rights of every human being. The right has the foundations both in the natural and supernatural dignity of man. No one can unjustly deprive of the right in question neither civil, nor ecclesial authorities. The arouse interest of application and realization the right to association could be seen in Poland in recent years especially after year 1989 when the new law on association was issued and made public life more democrat and liberal. The political changes make possible for Catholics in Poland to put the right to association into action. The paper has the aim to bring closer the associations showing the characteristics of the type of associations and presenting step by step how it comes into being. The intention of the paper is to be of help to the faithful who want to establish association and build communio of the Church by its working. The paper consists of the following parts: the first one presents possible distinctions of associations according to a variety of criteria. The second chapter is a description of private association of faithful. The third one elucidates to stages of its origin until it become a church and civil legal person.
Walka o uznanie cywilne Papieskiego Wydziału Teologicznego w Krakowie (1971-1989)
Kubiś, Adam (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Laudacja
Zdybicka, Zofia Józefa (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Status chrześcijan w Libanie według „Règlement” z 1861 oraz 1864 roku
Kościelniak, Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Lebanon’s experiment with power sharing dates back to 1861 and 1864. Règlement, the law regulating relations between of all the ethnic-religious groups of Lebanon (Maronite Christians, Sunni Muslims, Christian Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholics, the Shi’a Muslims, and the Druze) was a novel, very interesting solution for multi-ethnic society of Lebanon. This society was divided along confessional lines concentrating in distinct geographical regions. The Ottoman governor had to be a appointed by Constantinople, non-Lebanese Catholic with the authorization of the five foreign guarantors (from England, France, Germany, Austria and Russia). Each of the six mentioned communities was allotted two seats on the twelve-member administrative council that helped the governor rule. According to the Règlement, all members of the administrative and judiciary councils as well as local officials of smaller counties were to be nominated and chosen by the leaders of the respective communities and appointed by the government. The Règlement Organique transformed Mount Lebanon into a fully autonomous Ottoman province with political institutions based on power sharing among its various denominations under an Ottoman-European consortium protectorate giving a half century communal peace (1864–1920) to Mount Lebanon.
Psychologiczne aspekty nadziei w encyklice „Spe salvi”
Makselon, Józef (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Hope has always been a major factor which motivated human behaviour. It signified expectations of something better, which would sometimes guarantee either a profound existential experience, or at least adaptation to the social context. In the name of hope, not only did people undertake expeditions to unknown territories, but they engaged in scientific research too. They did it with the conviction that it would maintain the lives of both individuals and communities, and bring them some meaning. It seems paradoxical that diverse quests for the sources of hope in the contemporary humanities rarely refer to the deep thought of the Church. Therefore, this article attempts to present compatibility between the papal reflections on hope (mostly in Pope Benedict XVI’s encyclical Spe salvi) and some psychological analyses. To present a multidimensional experience of hope, this article mainly discusses some forms and conditions of hope and focuses on the chances of building it.
Instytucjonalna współpraca biskupów w wymiarze ponaddiecezjalnym
Dyduch, Jan Maciej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
The Church’s teaching concerning community between Herself and the College of Bishops, which was considerably broadened by Vatican II, is the foundation of their varied and diversified collaboration. This collaboration also manifests itself in such over diocesan institutions as Episcopal Conferences, regional convocations as well as the structure of the Church metropolis itself. The post-Vatican II legislation has reshaped and ascribed new tasks to all the above mentioned institutions. Owing to that fact they can be an efficient instrument of the over diocesan ministry.
Beda Czcigodny o klasztorach mieszanych na Wyspach Brytyjskich. Historia Ecclesiastica, III-IV wiek
Kastelik, Justyna (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
The system of double monasteries, or monasteries for both men and women, is as old as that of Christian monasticism itself. The double monastery in its simplest form was that organization said to have been founded in the fourth century by St. Pachomius, an Egyptian monk. This settlement soon became a proper nunnery under the control of the superior of the monks, who delegated elderly men to care for its discipline. Through the ages, double monasteries comprising communities of both men and women dwelling in contiguous establishments, united under the rule of one superior, and using one church in common for their liturgical offices. It’s cannot be stated with any certainty when the system found its way into the West. At the opening of the sixth century, double monasteries existed in Gaul. St. Caesarius of Arles persuaded his sister Caesaria to join him at Arles, to preside over the women who had gathered there to live in monastery under his guidance. Later the system of double monasteries in Gaul was widely propagated by St. Columbanus and his followers. The double monasteries seem always to have flourished wherever the fervor of the Irish missionaries penetrated. In a short time, British Isles were became covered with similar dual establishments, of which Whitby, Coldingham, Ely, Sheppey, Minster, Wimbome, Barking and Kildare are prominent examples. Abbesses ruled these houses. Bede Venerabilis in his work Historia Ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, gives much information about double monasteries and the most famous abbesses. Princesses, royal widows, sometimes reigning queens, began to found monasteries, where they lived on terms of equality with the daughters of ceorls and peasants. Bede writes that from the beginning of Christianity in England, the women, and particularly these royal women, were as active and persevering in furthering the Faith, as their men. Hild from Whitby, Aethelthryth (Etheldreda) from Ely, Aethelburh (Ethelburga) from Barking are the most luminous examples of powerful abbesses. A system of double monasteries was always an object of solicitude and strict legislation at the hands of ecclesiastical authority. Many synodal and conciliar decrees recognized its dangers, and ordered the strictest surveillance of all communications passing between monks and nuns. The Norman invasions of the eight and ninth centuries destroyed the double monasteries of British Isles and, when they were restored, it was for one sex only, instead of for a dual community.
Chrześcijański wymiar czystości przedmałżeńskiej w kontekście daru i zadania
Kalniuk, Jan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
O rozumie wiary i wierze rozumu. Debata między Jurgenem Habermasem a Josephem Ratzingerem
Breitsameter, Christof (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Funkcja ekspresywna we współczesnych tekstach homiletycznych
Ostafiński, Witold (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Preaching scripts, as a peculiar act of interpersonal communication, fulfils cognitive, impressive and prophetical functions. Additionally, they also fulfil an expressive function which reveals the sender’s attitude towards the contents and essence of the message. This allows the sender to manifest their feelings and experiences and express their psychological condition. Emotions play an extraordinarily important role in the process of verbal influence upon the audience. Therefore, the effectiveness of preaching speech depends greatly on emotions. This article is a trial to look at the linguistic means employed in contemporary sermons, thanks to which preachers achieve a high level of expression creating a specific emotional climate. The analysed scripts were drawn from sermons delivered in the Holy Cross Church in Warsaw and broadcast in the Polish Radio. The expressive function in the studied texts reveals itself mainly on lexical and syntactic grounds. Rhetorical figures also play an important part in achieving expressiveness of speech. The process of sermon communication achieves its human dimension thanks to emotional measures.
Wykład z okazji odnowienia doktoratu na KUL-u
Jaworski, Marian (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Naturalny język semantyczny jako narzędzie ekskulturacji. Ocena propozycji Anny Wierzbickiej w kontekście postulowanej inkulturacji
Pindel, Roman (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Wiara Kościoła jako fundament jego jedności i teologii według Josepha Ratzingera
Morawa, Józef (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Między egzystencjalizmem a myślą chrześcijańską. Martin Heidegger w myśli Hansa Ursa von Balthasara
Urban, Marek (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Through the Lord Jesus Christ, to Him, with Him and in Him. The Vital Place of Christ in the Christian Spirituality according to St. Paul
Misztal, Wojciech (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
Listy Pawłowe przedstawiają przebogate na miarę Bożą misterium działania Chrystusa i komunii z Nim potrzebujących zbawienia m.in. sięgając po określenia, które ukazują dzieje stworzenia-zbawienia i w szczególności życie chrześcijanina jako dokonujące się przez Chrystusa, jako ukierunkowane na coraz pełniejszy związek z Nim, jako komunię z Nim oraz jako stworzenie-zbawienie-życie w Chrystusie. Takie rozumienie dziejów stworzenia-zbawienia i tym samym sytuacji poszczególnego człowieka jest bardzo optymistyczne. Zarazem – czy raczej trzeba tu widzieć jeden z najistotniejszych punktów właściwego św. Pawłowi doświadczeniu Boga, jego realizmu – mamy tutaj do czynienia z duchowością zaangażowania ze strony człowieka: jako koniecznego, jako możliwego dzięki związkom z Chrystusem, które są związkami o charakterze trynitarnym. W ten sposób duchowość Pawłowa jest duchowością komunii z Bogiem, łaski, gdzie człowiek jest w stanie rozwijać się, przyjąć eschatologiczny dar pełni życia.
Rola Maryi w duchowym życiu Kościoła w ujęciu Wilfreda Le Sage’a
Godawa, Marcin (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2008)
This article concerns the vision of meditation contained in “Vision of Renewal. An Aggiornamento” by Wilfred Le Sage SJ. In the spirit of post-Vaticanum II mariology the author tries to combine intelectual elements with emotional ones in order to show the life of Our Lady as a pattern of Christian life. She is depicted from the wide theological perspective as a Virgin and as a Mother of God who by her part in mission of her Son is also a Mother of the Church. Her sufferings represented as an especially significant aspect of her vocation express the degree of her love developed in all her life. Thanks to the exceptional grace the Mother of God, called “the Woman”, suffered more then all the martyrs and therefore she can be a helper of the regulars also on the way of mistical experience. With a reference to an everyday Christian life the riches of Mary’s soul is the conspicuous sign how the God’s plan is to be fulfilled. Being a student of Jesus she is a teacher of believers and an exemplar of humility and silence directed to God right up to contemplation. The Le Sage’s presentation characterised by the maturity of analysis and conclusions makes the interesting achievment in the process of catholic theological reflection salient for prayer and activity.

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