Seminare, 2010, Tom 28

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    Relikwie „Undecim Milium Virginum” w pocysterskim kościele w Lądzie nad Wartą i dedykowany im ołtarz-relikwiarz św. Urszuli
    Nowiński, Janusz (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    In 1182, there arrived at the Cistercian abbey in Altenberg near Cologne many Undecim Milium Virginum relics from the so-called “ager Ursulanus” ‒ a late ancient cemetery discovered in 1106 under the walls of the colony, which was considered to be the burial site of St Ursula and her accompanying retinue. The abbey in Altenberg sent Undecim Milium Virginum relics to other Cistercian abbeys all over Europe propagating their cult in the monasteries. The cult of the Undecim Milium Virginum in Ląd dates back to the very beginning of the abbey, that is the 12th century. In the middle of the 13th century, Ląd received from Altenberg the relics of the virgin martyrs of Cologne, which are still in the Ląd abbey. In 1721, Abbot Antoni Mikołaj Łukomski founded a monumental reliquary altar dedicated to St Ursula and her companions. The altar was made in the workshop of Ernest Broger in Glogau/Głogow. It is the largest of altars dedicated to St. Ursula. The relics of skulls and bones placed in the altar are covered with embroidered fabrics dating back to the 19th century. At that time, the altar underwent a major renovation. The renovation of its fabrics carried out in 1983 revealed that under the textiles from the 19th century the remains of medieval and baroque fabrics had been preserved.
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    Problem praw moralnych bytów pozaludzkich
    Selmaj-Pomaska, Paulina (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    Non-human entities exist on the border of moral concepts. Some philosophers and ethicists give them a strong moral status, while others deny them any kind of moral status at all. This disparity of views gives rise to a philosophical question: what place should animals have in an acceptable moral system? The question of moral rights of non-human entities is an issue present in philosophy from its beginning. This article does not aim at providing the answer to it but intends to present various ideas on that issue.
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    Cel modlitwy Jezusowej w tradycji wschodniej
    Jasiewicz, Arkadiusz (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The Jesus prayer is very powerful in its simplicity. But it is not a method of meditation or simply a method to discipline the mind. It is much more. It enables us to participate in the life of Christ. It allows us to call Him into our thoughts and feelings continually, to make Him part of our minds and hearts in a living way. This prayer brings Christ into every aspect of our life. It is with us no matter where we are or what we are doing. It eventually becomes a living part of us and is continually repeated in our heart. It must be remembered, however, that its aim is the union with Christ and not some kind of spiritual experience or a peaceful state of mind. The Jesus Prayer has three important purposes. The first is worship as with all prayer. The second is a discipline to help our soul gain control over our overactive brains and create stillness so that the Holy Spirit can work through us and help us live the virtues in union with God. The third is deification.
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    Laureaci Nagrody im. Księdza Profesora Adama Duraka SDB. Edycja 2009
    Niegowski, Krzysztof (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
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    Matka Kolumba Białecka (1838-1887)
    Walewander, Edward (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The Dominican order was established by St Dominic in 1216 for the defence of the faith through preaching. It played an enormous role not only directly in the life of the Universal Church, but also in the general spiritual and intellectual development. The principal aim of its apostolate is to preach the glory of God and the salvation of people. It is interesting to look at the history of the Dominican charisma in Poland, especially in the life of St Dominic’s spiritual daughter, the Venerable Mother Kolumba Białecka. This paper discusses the history of the Dominican sisters in Poland and presents Kolumba Białecka and her mission to establish her order. Then, it goes on to discuss the meaning of her religious name “Kolumba” and Białecka's family home. Mother Kolumba Białecka’s religiousness was that of serving her neighbours through her own striving for perfection. It was a family characteristic which stemmed from Polish spirituality and realities. At the same time, it refers to the purest patterns of Dominican spirituality. Today, the religious order established by the Venerable Mother Kolumba Białecka functions not only in Poland, but has developed in various countries on four continents.
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    Stres zawodowy narastającym zjawiskiem społecznym
    Łodzińska, Jolanta (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    Life generally passes in constant rush among various situations and personalities. One has no influence over many events. We live “in a world of produced risk, which is the price for technological and civilisational progress”, as Piotr Sztompka, a famous Polish sociologist said. Unfortunately, new kinds of risks still occur not only in professional but also in private life. We have to cope with much uncertainty at almost every turn. Moreover, Sztompka pointed out that “the risk connected with the results of certain activities is a perennial and common factor in social life”. This uncertainty causes frustration as well as nervous tension in several aspects. However, in a positive way, being under stress is a standard response to one’s physical, mental and emotional sphere. There is no way to avoid stress, so people have to get used to living with it and learn how to defend themselves against its destructive influence. One can learn to do it effectively enough to make stress as negligible as possible. What is more, there are many ways of solving difficult problems, overcoming the stress and not becoming its victim. All in all, in spite of many vicissitudes of life, one should look ahead with an optimistic attitude at the world and the people around.
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    Wezwanie do odnowy życia społecznego w orędziu miłosierdzia Bożego
    Gocko, Jerzy; Chrześcijanek, Sławomir (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The message of Divine Mercy has become a subject of a numerous studies, taken up mostly from the perspective of Dogmatic Theology or Spiritual Theology. Yet, it seems that the matter of social interpretation of this message still remains widely open. Nevertheless, both The Diary and the encyclical letter Dives in misericordia by John Paul II, which was unquestionably inspired by the writings of St. Faustina, are far from interpreting mercy merely in an ascetic and individual dimension. Both texts distinctly encourage to broaden the social aspect of the interpretation of mercy as an element of the renewal of social life, which is the subject of this study.
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    Psychologia pozytywna a formacja ludzka w kontekście przygotowania do prezbiteriatu
    Kwiatek, Piotr (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    This article seeks to explore how positive psychology can support human formation as an essential part of preparation for the presbyterate by promoting the development of strengths, rather than solely focusing on overcoming human weaknesses. The author indicates how incorporating a positive psychology perspective along with epistemological rules and an anthropological point of view, can further the multidisciplinary dialogue between the worlds of grace and social sciences.
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    Nowe regulacje procesowe w „Dignitas connubii” – wybrane zagadnienia
    Nowakowski, Bartosz (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    On 25th January 2005 the instruction Dignitas connubii became effective and from that moment it should be used in the diocesan and interdiocesan courts in relation to the causes of adjudging marriage invalidity. It introduced many new elements into the case practice. The author makes a reflection about some of them, namely: notifying the passive parties in the process of procedural acts, attaching the clauses prohibitive in the verdict, passing legal remedies in the verdict and the discussion on controversial proof, as the illegal evidence being used. This study is also a kind of practical guide on how to apply these novelties in the courts of the lower instances.
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    Wychowawca wobec konfliktów w grupie
    Wrońska, Halina (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    Each group has its own dynamism of development, which is mostly comprised of commonly shared values and personality features of a group and its leader. Conflicts are a natural phenomenon in the functioning of a group. If they are only half-solved, they lead to serious crises. The tutor plays a vital role in the process of conflict resolution. In order to convert problems arising within a group to become an occasion for both personal and group development, the tutor has to possess suitable skills of sincere communication with group members, he has to determine the source of the conflict, be open to another person’s opinions and be capable of compromise.
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    Pedagogika i religia u Sergiusza Hessena
    Stępkowski, Dariusz (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    This article was inspired by the monograph Sergiusz Hessen – pedagog odpowiedzialny (Sergei Hessen – the Responsible Pedagogue) by the contemporary philosopher of education Andrea Folkierska. Her monograph passes over the religious dimension of pedagogical thought in the work of this Polonized Russian, who like no one else left his mark on 20th century philosophical pedagogy in Poland. The article comprises five points. Firstly, the author attempts to explain why the contemporary renaissance in Hessen’s thought belittles religious references contained in his texts. Next, she points to the locus philosophicus, which contains Hessen’s concept of the „dialectic relationship” between moral upbringing and religion. After this, in the third point, the author postulates the replacement of unclean dialectic, i.e. the two-factored dialectic almost unanimously accepted in the most recent interpretations as the paradigm of the famous Russian’s philosophy of upbringing with the aporetic one (Gr. aporia – difficulty). Against this backdrop, in the fourth point, the author reflects upon Hessen’s definition of pedagogy as „applied philosophy”. Finally, the author analyses Hessen’s view on the influence of religion on the process of becoming human in the moral dimension, particularly with reference to the Christian understanding of God as the supreme (saving) Good and fullness of Love.
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    Moralny wymiar posługi kapłańskiej
    Butowski, Krzysztof (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The article touches upon the issue of moral aspects of priestly ministry. The author, having consulted various philosophical and theological sources, shows the priestly service through man’s acts of love. Such love is the answer to human needs, that is, the realisation of the precept of love. In relation to God, our love is perceived through the prayer of adoration and sacrifice.
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    Bezdomność w opinii mieszkańców bloków socjalnych
    Szluz, Beata (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The scope and fast implementation of some economic reforms caused many problems in Poland. It brought about increasing poverty, health problems and pathological behaviors. Weak resistance to difficult situations in life makes people fall into a state of helplessness. Afflicted by homelessness, they become unable to manage by themselves, and get lost in harsh reality (cultural and personality effects typical of a homeless person). Thus, the issue of homelessness is an extreme one (is the most tragic in its effects), and consequently a pathological one. Problems that emerge include the need for an active social policy and social work as well as for activities of mutual-aid and of charitable character. This article presents the opinions of community houses’ inhabitants on homelessness.
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    Rozwój społecznej działalności opiekuńczej na ziemiach polskich
    Markiewiczowa, Hanna (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    Poverty and distress have inseparably accompanied mankind since the very beginning of civilisation. In different epochs different measures were taken to counteract this problem. The attitudes of the ancient towards the poor differed, yet on the whole they were unfavourable. However, the Roman Empire saw certain attempts of the rulers to protect the poor, disabled and orphaned children. Regular help from society appeared in the Middle Ages with the spread of Christianity which treated helping one’s neighbour as a way to receive an eternal reward. On the territory of Poland, the institution which first developed such activity was the Catholic Church. Monastic orders looked after the sick, maintaining hospitals, which in those times offered shelter to those in need, rather than medical treatment. The rulers, on the other hand, limited themselves only to providing regulations to prevent excessive mendicity. Alms and the distribution of food were the simplest ways of providing help in those days. Unfortunately, these were only short term measures and they did not solve the problem of social exclusion as they did not eliminate the causes of poverty. Only in the 16th century did such thinkers as Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski voice their opinions that the most important thing was to create working conditions for the poor to enable them to subsist. Since that time, the value of work and activity of the poor has been emphasized in certain theoretical conceptions (Mary Richmond), as well as realised practically (Stanisław Staszic and the Society of Hrubieszow). In the 19th century, the traditional charity of the Middle Ages was replaced by philanthropy, whose character was more linked to economic questions. During the time of partitions, the economic factor was closely linked with the aim of preserving the Polish national identity and was pursued by the Catholic Church as well as by contemporary society.
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    Przyczyny, zapobieganie i leczenie chorób epidemicznych w starożytnej Grecji i Rzymie
    Iwańska, Judyta (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The article discusses the causes, prevention and treatment of epidemics as seen by ancient Greeks and Romans. The following works are taken into consideration: The study of Nature by Aristotle and Of the Epidemics by Hippocrates. Next, healing plants, minerals and physical means of treatment are suggested according to Plinius the Older. Finally, the role of God or gods in visiting epidemics is presented in the following works: Life of Constantine by Titus Livius, Church History by Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History by Evagrius Scholasticus and The Histories by Agathias.
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    „Wyjaśnienie gnozy” z XI kodeksu Nag Hammadi (NHC, XI, 1) w kontekście gnostyckiej sekty Walentynian
    Kowalczyk, Ewa (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)
    The Interpretation of Knowledge comes from Nag Hammadi codex XI, discovered in 1945, and it is a description by the Gnostics themselves. This discovery enables us to learn the rules governing those communities from the point of view of relationships between their members. This article attempts to answer the question how strong relationships the Nag Hammadi community had with Christianity and gnosis. The written work is recognised as a group of Gnostic texts of philosophical and religious character. In The Interpretation of Knowledge there appear some key words of the Valentinian sect, such as: pleroma, aeon. The Interpretation of Knowledge appears as Christianity influenced by Gnosticism. However, we are not able to explicitly determine whether it is a homily with predominant reference to Christianity or to Gnosticism, since both elements interweave, creating generally rather a positive picture. Since the whole text did not survive, one cannot be sure about the nature of its theology. Nonetheless, we have attempted to analyze the preserved fragments more accurately. What is, then, the specificity of the picture which emerges after the analysis of The Interpretation of Knowledge? Gnosis appears as something natural to the author himself, as well as to the community he is addressing. At the same time, there is no contempt for Christianity. Quite the contrary, on the basis of the presented relationships it can be seen that the two doctrines coexisted without any hostility. Hence, there appear certain problems with specifying the nature of this work. However, everything indicates that Nag Hammadi was a Christian community, where Gnosticism appeared, thrived and settled so firmly that it became a natural and integral part of Christianity practiced in Egypt. A question also emerges: to what extent is this Christian community influenced by Gnosticism truly Christian; can we call it Christian? German, British and Polish researchers assume (although not unanimously) that The Interpretation of Knowledge is written from a Gnostic perspective.
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    Sprawozdanie z działalności Towarzystwa Naukowego Franciszka Salezego w okresie od 1 stycznia do 31 grudnia 2009
    Sadowski, Ryszard F. (Wyższe Seminaria Duchowne Towarzystwa Salezjańskiego, 2010)