Polonia Sacra, 2004, R. 8 (26), Nr 14 (58)

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Niewolnictwo wczoraj i dzisiaj
Zwoliński, Andrzej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2003)
On December 18, 2002 General Assembly of the United Nations proclaimed Year 2004 an International Year Commemorating Fighting Slavery and its Abolition (resolution 57/195). In this way the Assembly wanted to emphasize its involvement in global efforts to abolish and entirely eliminate all forms of racial discrimination, xenophobia and similar examples of intolerance and enslavement of man from the life of society. Slavery means such a position of an individual in a society in which he/she becomes “someone's property”, volitionlessly subdued to decisions and activities of his/her owners. John Paul II in an extremely suggestive way and with great personal involvement incessantly undertakes the subject of slavery, pointing to its ever new forms and disquietingly wide range, as “slavery” is not merely a historical term, but continues to be the present reality for a vast number of people in contemporary world.
Wolfgang Fenske, Paulus lesen und verstehen. Ein Leitfaden zur Biographie und Theologie des Apostels, Stuttgart 2003, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 288 stron
Pindel, Roman (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Naczynia Bożego gniewu w Apokalipsie Janowej
Zbroja, Bogdan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
En explorant les textes de L'Apocalypse nous aperçevons des images secrètes par lesquelles Saint Jean nous parle de la colère de Dieu. Cet apôtre nous indique visiblement trios outils qui experiment la colère de Dieu. On y trouve deux sortes de coupes (différentes par sa grandeur), et un pressoir. La différence de l'intensité de la colère dé Dieu ne se reporte pas seulement â la contenance de ces outils mais aussi â la pensée théologique laquelle Ils représentent. La grande colère touche avant – tout ceux – ci qui font de grand mal. Le texte de L'Apocalypse abordé ci – desus nous assure du traitement individuel des malfaiteurs. L'article approche la compréhension de l'enseignement difficile de la peine divine.
Liberalizm ekonomiczno-gospodarczy a nauczanie Kościoła ostatnich wieków
Drzyżdżyk, Szymon (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
The key issue for the possibility of surveying the relations between the Church and liberalism, their mutual references, areas of agreement and argument is the position of the Church in relation to society and state in general. The arrangement of relations between these realities in such a way that each would be able to realise as fully as possible their aims is an important, yet an extremely difficult, problem. If, on the part of the state the directions of searching and solutions were established on the European ground by the French Revolution and the documents connected with it, then on the part of the Church special attention to the so called “social issue” was drawn by pope Leo XIII, who in 1891 published an encyclical Rerum Novarum. Since that time his every successor introduced new issues into the regulation of mutual relations between a modem state and the Church. Another dimension opens with the Second Vatican Council, which considerably modified the views of the Church on an issue of opening to the reality of the world. Nearly two centuries after the French Revolution aggiornamento was to summarise what began to happen. A direct continuator of the Council, and one who continues to live in its spirit, is the present pope John Paul II, the author of three (since 1991) social encyclicals: Laborem exercens, Sollicitudo rei socialis and the last, whose publication coincided with a hundredth anniversary of Leo's Rerum novarum – Centesimus annus. The silver jubilee of his pontificate is a good occasion to undertake the subject matter formulated in the title of this paper.
Ks. Michał Jagosz, Beatyfikacja i kanonizacja Świętej Jadwigi Królowej, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PAT, Kraków 2003, 400 stron
Majda, Jan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Ossuarium Jakuba, Brata Jezusa. Odkrycie, które podzieliło uczonych (Biblioteka Zwojów. Tło Nowego Testamentu, t. 12), red. Z . J. Kapera, Wydawnictwo The Enigma Press, Kraków-Mogilany 2003, 162 stron
Jelonek, Tomasz (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Ludzki wymiar miłosierdzia. Specyfika Mateuszowego nauczania na temat miłosierdzia
Witkowski, Stanisław (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
L'articolo si riferisce alla misericordia rivelata nel vangelo di Matteo. Essa viene spiegata sotto i diversi aspetti, secondo l'uso dei termini che la descrivono. Tra i sinottici, è proprio Matteo che mette maggiormente in rilievo la misericordia nelle relazioni fra gli uomini. Questa umana dimensione della misericordia è una qualità specifica del vangelo secondo Matteo. La misericordia verso gli altri è più importante della legge e mette il bene dell'uomo al centro di ogni azione. Una volta ricevuta la misericordia da Dio, diventa praticamente obligatorio trasmetterla anche ai nostri debittori. La misericordia divina ha un carattere globale ed individuale, è aperta ad ogniuno, non fa selezioni tra persone. Tale misericordia, inoltre, giustifica quanti peccano, ci rende più somiglianti a Dio e si esprime nella cura verso i bisognosi portando loro un aiuto efficace.
Ks. M. Spyra, Vers L'unité. L'Eglise dans la théologie du P. Henri de Lubac, Louvairt-la-Neuve 1996, 426 stron
Napiórkowski, Andrzej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Starożytny Egipt w podręcznikach do historii dla szkół ponadgimnazjalnych z punktu widzenia katechezy biblijnej (cz. 1)
Stypułkowska, Beata (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
The present paper deals with a problem of interdisciplinar correlation in secondary schools. It focuses on the common elements in religion and history lessons concerning ancient Egypt. The history books permitted for school use have been discussed with regard to their usefulness in biblical catechesis. Biblical history is sometimes difficult to place in the course of general history. This particularly applies to the times of patriarchs. Determining times of their lives we speak of probability rather than of certainty. Nevertheless for correct understanding of the biblical texts one should try to read them in the proper historical and cultural context. It is one of basic principles of biblical hermeneutics with regard to the proper understanding of word sense of the Bible text. According to the basic principle of general education the history program assigns respectively much time for the ancient ages. School books contain large material concerning Ancient East civilizations, including also biblical countries: Palestine, Mesopotamia, Babylonia, Persia, Assyria, Egypt, as well as ancient Greece and Rome. They contain illustrations and historical maps, and very often also chronological tables. From the biblical catechesis point of view there are following interesting periods in the Egyptian history: 19th – 18th centuries B.C. – times of Abraham and his journey to Egypt, 18th century B.C. – the Hyksoses' reign and the probable time of Hebrews' settling in Egypt, 13th century B.C. – the Hebrews' exodus led by Moses. Though in biblical catechesis ancient Egypt is most frequently associated with the times of Moses and the events described in the Book of Exodus, the relations between Hebrews and Egyptians do not expired afterwards. From the times of David till the downfall of Jerusalem in 587 BC Egyptians kept sending war expeditions to Syria and Palestina. Both regions kept in touch also in the following centuries either by the influence of Hellenic culture, or due to war waged by Ptolemies and Seleucid, or eventually on account of the connections with the Roman Empire. Therefore the following periods from Egyptian history are connected with the biblical history: the Middle Kingdom (2160-1785 B.C.), the Second Intermediate Period (1785-1580), the New Kingdom (1580-1085), the Late Period (1085-333), the times of Ptolemies reign (333-30), and the times of Roman Emperors (30 BC-313 AD). School history books which contain maps of ancient Egypt and chronological tables presenting the Egyptian history in the context of the general history, which use the generally agreed names of historical epochs and do not keep within limits of Old Egypt State only, are very helpful in biblical catechesis even if they do not touch themes relating directly to the Bible. The well-conducted history lesson which prepares a pupil to exploring source texts, introduces him simultaneously in reading the Bible, with its particular books arising in specified historical conditions and reflecting the climate of those times. Similarly, the well-conducted religion lesson strengthens and develops pupil's skills gained during history lessons by completing the knowledge of history of the biblical countries and developing the ability of interpreting ancient texts. Correlation between history and religion enriches both subjects. This is valid also for the lessons concerning the ancient Egypt.
Tim Schramm, Die Bibel ins Leben ziehen. Bewährte "alte" und faszinierende "neue" Methoden lebendiger Bibelarbeit, Stuttgart 2003, Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 239 stron
Pindel, Roman (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Posłannictwo świeckich w świecie w świetle II Polskiego Synodu Plenarnego
Dyduch, Jan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
La Chiesa è mandata al mondo per fondare il Regno di Dio attraverso l'annuncio efficace del messaggio evangelico. La Chiesa compie questa missione pure attraverso i laici, i quali sono stati chiamati da Dio a rinnovare il mondo nello spirito del Evangelo. La missione dei laici nel mondo esige la loro formazione, la quale si effettua nei ambienti educativi come: famiglia, scuola, parrocchia e diocesi. I laici compiendo questa missione collaborano con i pastori. L'insegnamento sulla missione dei laici nel mondo fu ricordato ed approfondito dal Concilio Vaticano II e poi dal II Sinodo Plenario della Polonia.
„Słuchaj, Izraelu...” (Pwt 6, 4) – czyli słuchać, by kochać
Pindel, Roman (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
The purpose of this paper is to give the reasons for an attitude of listening to God on the basis of the most important command “Love the Lord your God...” (Deut 6, 4). Biblical terminology connected with communication and listening is presented first. The paper then deals with the function of listening in religiousness of the faithful. An analysis of the meaning of God's calling for listening together with possible interpretations constitute the main part. The paper ends with an explanation of the meaning of the commandment of love in the context of the Bible as a whole.
Kościół wobec migrantów
Ostrowski, Maciej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
The 5th World Congress for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Refugees entitled “Starting Afresh from Christ. Towards a New Pastoral Care for Migrants and Refugees” took place in Rome in November 2003. The organizers of the Congress – Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant - made a reference to an apostolic letter written for the closing of the Great Jubilee of the Year 2000, in which the Church is assigned plans and pastoral priorities for the beginning of a new millennium of Christianity. Among many problems troubling the world today, the phenomenon of migration is on the increase. It brings about a range of subsequent perturbations on a regional and an international scale. A complex issue of the rights of migrants arises. The Church cannot be indifferent to these phenomena. They become a more and more urgent issue for the pastoral care, including these countries which have not yet been faced with them. A new reflection, as was stressed in the title of the congress, is needed on the part of all subjects of the Church. Likewise, assuming a creative attitude, which might result in concrete pastoral solutions, is desirable. With a reference to the congress in Rome the author of the paper wants to share several pastoral reflections on the phenomenon of world migration. A reference is made to the Polish pastoral care in order to point to a problem, which – though still small scale at present – is already at the door and is bound to increase. If it is not possible to provide detailed solutions, formulating just a few pastoral postulates is worth an effort.
Status naukowy teologii pastoralnej. Materiały z sympozjum polskich pastoralistów, Nysa 8-9 X 2001 r., (seria Sympozja 48), red. J. Mikołajec, Opole 2003
Ostrowski, Maciej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Klaus Müller, Homiletyka na trudne czasy, Wydawnictwo „M”, Kraków 2003, 386 stron
Płusa, Sławomir (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
„Peregrinus Cracoviensis” nr 14/2003, 232 strony
Ostrowski, Maciej (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Jean-Pierre Prévost, „Apocalisse” Commento pastorale, Milano 1997, 192 strony
Zbroja, Bogdan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Upodobnienie chrześcijan do Chrystusa w Nowym Testamencie
Wronka, Stanisław (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
L'articolo tratta dell'assimilazione dei cristiani al Cristo secondo i scritti del Nuovo Testamento. Il cristomorfismo ha il suo inizio nel battesimo, in cui si effettua la trasformazione dell'uomo a immagine di Cristo per la grazia. Da questo momento continua il processo interiore, che troverà la sua fine nel tempo della gloriosa venuta di Cristo. Allora i salvati riceveranno l'esistenza nella sua divina gloria e saranno così simili a Lui. L'artefice di questo processo è Dio tramite lo Spirito Santo nel Cristo. Lo svolgimento di questa trasformazione dipende però da ciò, se i fedeli sono aperti allo Spirito e se foggiano la loro vita sul modello di Gesù. Il cristomorfismo è dunque un dono e allo stesso tempo un dovere, la realtà „già" presente, ma „non ancora” pienamente compiuta, il risultato della „nuova creazione” che supera la „creazione vecchia”. Infatti, attraverso l'assimilazione al Cristo l'uomo riaquisterà l'«immagine di Dio», alla quale è stato creato e la quale ha deformato per il peccato. Conoscerà Dio e si unirà perfettamente a Lui attraverso la diretta visione, parteciperà alla sua gloria e immortalità. Sarà più perfetta immagine di Dio di Adamo nel momento della creazione. Sarà pienamente il figlio di Dio.
Miejsce chrześcijaństwa w procesie ewolucji antycznego niewolnictwa
Bielas, Lucjan (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
It is difficult to deal with the ancients without pondering why those who provided the bases for our civilisation, and, in many fields remain for us an unattainable example, created one of the most inhuman social systems – slavery. It is difficult not to ponder why those who created an outstanding system of instructing man in beauty and goodness perceived a great number of their brethren in humanity as things which can be bought, sold, used, destroyed, or as animals, able to speak, but deserving no better treatment than that of animals. It is difficult to deal with the life of the first Christians without asking a question about their attitude to slavery.
Niewolnictwo w islamie wczoraj i dziś
Kościelniak, Krzysztof (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Papieskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Krakowie, 2004)
Slavery as dependency relationship, in which an individual is the property of another human being, appeared as an institution already in early Islam. Yet, a description of this phenomenon in the Muslim world presents many difficulties, as the practice of slavery assumed various forms in particular regions throughout history. On the one hand, Muslims had balanced legal regulations in the Koran at their disposal, but on the other, many a time the fate of slaves was tragic and constituted a social problem (similarly, in Christianity Biblical recommendations to respect slaves, e.g. Eph 6, 5-8, Phlm 14-21 were not always carried out in practice). Already in the first centuries of Islam, uprisings, such as e.g. a rebellion of the African slaves in southern Iraq (uprising of Zang) of 869-883, testified about a problem of slavery in the Muslim world. Even today there are examples of slavery in Islamic countries, the Sudan in the first place. As the subject of slavery in Islam has frequently been researched, it is impossible to provide a complete list of all problems connected with it in this paper. Limited space forces a selection of aspects. The paper presents: slavery in early Islam, winning over slaves during Muslim conquers, Christian slavery in the Osman era and contemporary examples of slavery in the Muslim world.

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